world history - reading essentials & study guide(1).pdf

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Reading Essentials and Study Guide - Student Edition
Glencoe
Reading Essentials
and Study Guide
Student Workbook
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To the Teacher
Glencoe World History Reading Essentials and Study Guide is designed to help you use recog-
nized reading strategies to improve your reading-for-information skills. For each section of
the student textbook, you are alerted to key terms and are asked to draw from prior knowl-
edge, organize your thoughts with a graphic organizer, and then follow a process to read
and understand the text. The Reading Essentials and Study Guide was prepared to help you
get more from your textbook by reading with a purpose.
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Permission is granted to
reproduce the material contained herein on the condition that such material be reproduced only for
classroom use; be provided to students, teachers, and families without charge; and be used solely
in conjunction with Glencoe World History . Any other reproduction, for use or sale, is prohibited
without written permission from the publisher.
Send all inquiries to:
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
8787 Orion Place
Columbus, OH 43240
ISBN 0-07-865365-7
Printed in the United States of America
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Table of Contents
Chapter 1: The First Humans
Section 1: Early Humans .........................................................................................1
Section 2: The Neolithic Revolution and the Rise of Civilization .............................5
Chapter 2: Western Asia and Egypt
Section 1: Civilization Begins in Mesopotamia ........................................................9
Section 2: Egyptian Civilization: “The Gift of the Nile” .........................................14
Section 3: New Centers of Civilization ..................................................................20
Section 4: The Rise of New Empires ......................................................................24
Chapter 3: India and China
Section 1: Early Civilization in India ......................................................................27
Section 2: New Empires in India ...........................................................................33
Section 3: Early Chinese Civilizations ....................................................................38
Section 4: Rise and Fall of Chinese Empires ..........................................................44
Chapter 4: Ancient Greece
Section 1: The First Greek Civilizations .................................................................48
Section 2: The Greek City-States ...........................................................................52
Section 3: Classical Greece ....................................................................................57
Section 4: The Culture of Classical Greece ............................................................62
Section 5: Alexander and the Hellenistic Kingdoms ..............................................67
Chapter 5: Rome and the Rise of Christianity
Section 1: The Rise of Rome ..................................................................................71
Section 2: From Republic to Empire ......................................................................76
Section 3: Culture and Society in the Roman World .............................................81
Section 4: The Development of Christianity ..........................................................85
Section 5: Decline and Fall ....................................................................................89
Chapter 6: The World of Islam
Section 1: The Rise of Islam ..................................................................................92
Section 2: The Arab Empire and Its Successors .....................................................96
Section 3: Islamic Civilization ..............................................................................101
Section 4: The Culture of Islam ...........................................................................104
Chapter 7: Early African Civilizations
Section 1: The Development of Civilizations in Africa .........................................108
Section 2: Kingdoms and States of Africa ............................................................112
Section 3: African Society and Culture ................................................................116
Chapter 8: The Asian World
Section 1: China Reunified ..................................................................................120
Section 2: The Mongols and China ......................................................................124
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Section 3: Early Japan and Korea ........................................................................128
Section 4: India After the Guptas ........................................................................134
Section 5: Civilization in Southeast Asia .............................................................138
Chapter 9: Emerging Europe and the Byzantine Empire
Section 1: Transforming the Roman World .........................................................143
Section 2: Feudalism ...........................................................................................147
Section 3: The Growth of European Kingdoms ....................................................151
Section 4: The Byzantine Empire and the Crusades ............................................156
Chapter 10: Europe in the Middle Ages
Section 1: Peasants, Trade, and Cities .................................................................161
Section 2: Christianity and Medieval Civilization ................................................167
Section 3: The Culture of the High Middle Ages ..................................................171
Section 4: The Late Middle Ages .........................................................................175
Chapter 11: The Americas
Section 1: The Peoples of North America ............................................................180
Section 2: Early Civilizations in Mesoamerica .....................................................184
Section 3: Early Civilizations in South America ...................................................188
Chapter 12: Renaissance and Reformation
Section 1: The Renaissance .................................................................................191
Section 2: The Intellectual and Artistic Renaissance ............................................196
Section 3: The Protestant Reformation ................................................................200
Section 4: The Spread of Protestantism and the Catholic Response ....................205
Chapter 13: The Age of Exploration
Section 1: Exploration and Expansion .................................................................210
Section 2: Africa in an Age of Transition .............................................................215
Section 3: Southeast Asia in the Era of the Spice Trade ......................................218
Chapter 14: Crisis and Absolutism in Europe
Section 1: Europe in Crisis: The Wars of Religion ...............................................222
Section 2: Social Crises, War, and Revolution .....................................................226
Section 3: Response to Crisis: Absolutism ...........................................................231
Section 4: The World of European Culture ..........................................................235
Chapter 15: The Muslim Empires
Section 1: The Ottoman Empire ..........................................................................239
Section 2: The Rule of the Safavids .....................................................................244
Section 3: The Grandeur of the Moguls ...............................................................247
Chapter 16: The East Asian World
Section 1: China at Its Height ..............................................................................252
Section 2: Chinese Society and Culture ...............................................................256
Section 3: Tokugawa Japan and Korea ................................................................259
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Chapter 17: Revolution and Enlightenment
Section 1: The Scientific Revolution ....................................................................264
Section 2: The Enlightenment ..............................................................................269
Section 3: The Impact of the Enlightenment ........................................................274
Section 4: Colonial Empires and the American Revolution ..................................279
Chapter 18: The French Revolution and Napoleon
Section 1: The French Revolution Begins ............................................................284
Section 2: Radical Revolution and Reaction ........................................................289
Section 3: The Age of Napoleon ..........................................................................294
Chapter 19: Industrialization and Nationalism
Section 1: The Industrial Revolution ...................................................................299
Section 2: Reaction and Revolution .....................................................................304
Section 3: National Unification and the National State .......................................309
Section 4: Culture: Romanticism and Realism .....................................................315
Chapter 20: Mass Society and Democracy
Section 1: The Growth of Industrial Prosperity ...................................................319
Section 2: The Emergence of Mass Society ..........................................................323
Section 3: The National State and Democracy .....................................................328
Section 4: Toward the Modern Consciousness .....................................................334
Chapter 21: The Height of Imperialism
Section 1: Colonial Rule in Southeast Asia ..........................................................339
Section 2: Empire Building in Africa ...................................................................344
Section 3: British Rule in India ............................................................................350
Section 4: Nation Building in Latin America ........................................................354
Chapter 22: East Asia Under Challenge
Section 1: The Decline of the Qing Dynasty ........................................................359
Section 2: Revolution in China ............................................................................365
Section 3: Rise of Modern Japan .........................................................................369
Chapter 23: War and Revolution
Section 1: The Road to World War I ...................................................................375
Section 2: The War ..............................................................................................379
Section 3: The Russian Revolution ......................................................................385
Section 4: End of the War ...................................................................................390
Chapter 24: The West Between the Wars
Section 1: The Futile Search for Stability .............................................................394
Section 2: The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes ..........................................................399
Section 3: Hitler and Nazi Germany ....................................................................404
Section 4: Cultural and Intellectual Trends ..........................................................408
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