2948A.pdf

2948A

Service 0422

TECHNICAL NOTE

Edition Anglaise

77 11 198 652

MARCH 1998

S/ Section

Type

All types

XXX

ANTI-POLLUTION TEST - DIESEL ENGINES

• Engine :

XXX

• Gearbox :

Basic manual :

XXX

This technical note provides details of :

the anti-pollution standards,

the test equipment approved by RENAULT ,

the method to use to carry out an anti-pollution test,

the fault-finding procedure to be carried out if a diesel engine does not meet the

anti-pollution standard,

the equipment to protect against the noise caused when carrying out an anti-pollution

test.

Contents

ANTI-POLLUTION

Diesel smoke opacity . . . . . . . . . . .

Test procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fault-finding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Soundproofing the test area

14-1

14-3

14-6

14-8

. . . .

The repair methods given by the manufacturer in this document are based on the

technical specifications current when it was prepared.

The methods may be modified as a result of changes by the manufacturer in the

production of the various component units and accessories from which his vehicles

are constructed".

All copyrights reserved by Renault.

Copying or translating, in part or in full, of this document or use of the service part

reference numbering system is forbidden without the prior written authority of

RENAULT.

Renault 1998

ANTI-POLLUTION

Diesel smoke opacity

DIESEL EXHAUST EMISSION OPACITY

The smoke opacity of the exhaust gases come from the presence of carbon particles given off from the diesel

combustion. The greater the number of particles, the higher the smoke opacity and therefore the higher the

level of pollution.

ANTI-POLLUTION STANDARD / REGULATIONS

The measurement of the smoke opacity in the technical inspection (MOT in the UK) has been applied since

the 1 st December 1993 in Germany and since the 1 st July 1994 in Switzerland. In France this application has

been in effect since the 1 st January 1996 .

All vehicles which emit excessive diesel smoke must be repaired.

Vehicles registered before 1 st January 1980 are not submitted for an inspection.

UK Market

Vehicles registered/used before the 1 st August 1979 are submitted for a less rigorous MOT Test (please refer

to the MOT Inspection Manual for details).

VALUES WHICH DIESEL VEHICLES MUST MEET

Diesel atmospheric :

2.5 m -1 (or 64 %) .

Diesel turbo :

3 m -1 (or 71 %) .

TEST EQUIPMENT (OPACIMETER)

This enables the luminous opacity to be measured by placing diesel smoke between a light source and a re-

ceptor.

The measurement is taken according to the partial flow principle .

The test equipment draws a sample of the exhaust gases given off in through its measuring chamber during

the acceleration cycles.

During these tests, the acceleration is defined in the following way : with the engine running at idle speed,

the accelerator pedal is activated rapidly, but smoothly, so as to obtain maximum flow from the injection

pump. This position is maintained until the maximum engine speed is reached. As soon as this engine speed

is reached, the accelerator is released until the engine returns to its idle speed.

To carry out these measurements, RENAULT has approved the " OPTIMA 4030 " opacimeter from SAGEM .

This equipment is available as a standalone version or as an option for the " OPTIMA 4040 ", GREEN and AGM

1500 gas analysers.

If the test proves the vehicle to be outside of the acceptable levels, then the vehicle must undergo fault-

finding diagnosis and the necessary operations carried out to ensure that it conforms to specification.

14-1

ANTI-POLLUTION

Diesel smoke opacity

PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN : VEHICLE PREPARATION

ATTENTION : It is essential that the vehicle is correctly prepared for the test.

The engine must be warm to prevent damaging the engine or the automatic gearbox.

The engine oil temperature must be greater than 80 ° C .

Do NOT run the vehicle at idle speed to warm the engine prior to carrying out the test as this leads to fouling

of the exhaust line (and will affect the test results).

For vehicles that are heavily coked, it is advisable to carry out a road test at high engine speed (to de-coke the

exhaust line).

The maximum governed engine speed not loaded should be checked on the rev counter (an engine speed

that is too high is an instant test failure).

14-2

ANTI-POLLUTION

Test procedure

CARRYING OUT AN ANTI-POLLUTION TEST

There are two test procedures :

Procedure for technical inspection (MOT in UK) and road test (A)

(to determine the pollution level of the vehicle). For UK Market, please always refer to the MOT

Inspection Manual for the method in case of any updates).

rpm

Select limit

value L

Insert ex-

haust gas

sensor.

Accelerate

gradually

step by step.

Verification

of governor

then main-

tain at 1/2

regulation

speed

2 preliminary ac-

celerations up to

engine regula-

tion speed

2 accelerations

up to engine re-

gulation speed.

MEASURE

if result less

than or equal to

limit :

stop measuring

3 new measures. If re-

sult is less than or equal

to limit : stop measu-

ring and vehicle is ac-

ceptable. If greater

than the limit, a second

test is required.

VEHICLE

PREPARATION

PHASE

PHASE 1

PHASE 2

PHASE 3

PHASE 4

Procedure for determining pollution level for workshops (B)

(exact determination of the smoke opacity value)

rpm

Select limit

value L

Insert ex-

haust gas

sensor.

Accelera-

te gra-

dually

step by

step.

Verifica-

tion of

governor

Preliminary

accelera-

tions

Proceed until 4 constant measures

obtained. If measurements are

greater than the limit, operations

to be carried out on the vehicle.

(Engine adjustment).

same as for phases 1 and 2

VEHICLE

PREPARATION

PHASE

PHASE 1

PHASE 2

PHASE 3

14-3

ANTI-POLLUTION

Test procedure

A - Test procedure for technical inspection (MOT in UK) and road test

Vehicle preparation phase

Check the exhaust system for leaks.

Gearbox selector lever in neutral.

Any accessories which affect rotation of the engine must not be switched on.

The engine should be at its operating temperature ( ≥ 80 ° C ).

Phase 1

Insert the exhaust gas sensor to raise the sensor temperature.

Accelerate per bearing and check the governed engine speed (total time 30 seconds ).

Maintain at mid engine speed ( 30 seconds ).

Phase 2

Carry out two successive preliminary accelerations, which are not taken into account; these accelera-

tions are to ensure the engine is warm and to eliminate any soot and residue from the exhaust sys-

tem.

Phase 3

The test measurement is made during the two accelerations which are carried out immediately after

the first two accelerations.

• Acceptable limits : diesel atmospheric : 2.5 m -1 (64 %) - diesel turbo : 3 m -1 (71 %)

If the result is less than or equal to the limit : stop measuring - the vehicle has passed the test.

If the result is higher than 1.5 times the limit : the vehicle has failed and a re-test is required.

If the result is higher than the limit, but is less than 1.5 times the limit, proceed with phase 4.

Phase 4

A series of three accelerations will need to be carried out.

If the result is less than or equal to the limit, stop measuring - the vehicle has passed the test.

However, if the value is higher than the limit, a re-test is required.

To limit the amount of pollution in the workshop when these tests are being carried out, it is necessary to use

an exhaust gas extractor kit. This is made up of a breather hood and an auxiliary fan mounted on a mobile

unit and connected to the existing evacuation system if the absorption capacity of the existing system is suffi-

cient.

An increased suction flow is needed for good extraction of smoke fumes, however, it must not exceed the

absorption capacity of the existing system. To connect an auxiliary fan with a flow rate of 1 900 m 3 /h off-

load (which is approximately 1 500 m 3 /h in real terms), the installation must have an absorption capacity of

1 600 m 3 /h , which is the current equipment level of four workstations.

To maintain a sufficient level of air flow, it is recommended that the auxiliary fan is connected to the exhaust

gas extraction system by shunting the exhaust extraction hose reels. It is also possible to connect this fan to

an outlet direct to the outside air.

14-4

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