basic deck over concrete.pdf

Deck Over Concrete

BUILD A REDWOOD DECK

Concealing an aged concrete patio with

a naturally beautiful redwood deck will

add immeasurable value and ambience

to your outdoor entertainment area.

Building a redwood deck over an existing concrete slab is an easy

way to get the complete enjoyment of a deck at a fraction of the

usual labor and cost. Concrete slabs that have been around for years

are often cracked, uneven or just plain unsightly. Stable, weather-

resistant redwood can cover all these defects beautifully.

There are two basic steps in Deck Over Concrete construction: attach

Construction Heart or Deck Heart redwood 2x4 sleepers to the concrete

slab; and nail 2x4 or 2x6 Construction Heart or Deck Heart decking

to the sleepers.

Measure and trim as you build for the best results. Use only non-corrosive

nails, screws or other fasteners to avoid rust stains. Predrill nail holes

at board ends to avoid splitting.

1. Sleepers First lay the sleepers down in the spots where they

will be attached. Allow for a 1 ⁄ 2 -inch overhang at the outside edge

of the concrete slab for water drainage. They should be spaced 24

inches on center. The sleepers may be random lengths because the

concrete slab will support the full length of the sleeper. This can be

a savings because short lengths are often less expensive. If the

concrete slab is cracked or uneven, this is the time to level the sleepers

with shims or small pieces of Construction Heart or Deck Heart

redwood. If the concrete slab is adjacent to the wall of a house,

sleepers should run perpendicular to the wall for best drainage and

with space for clean out and water to drain.

Knotty redwood garden grades, such as

Construction Common or Deck Common,

are economical choices for all outdoor

projects. For decking and framing that

will be built on or near the ground, as in

this deck project, use the naturally decay-

resistant all-heartwood grades, Construc-

tion Heart or Deck Heart.

4/6/ 0 1

2x4 redwood

sleeper

2x4 redwood

decking

2x4 redwood

skirtboard

Concrete

slab

Shim as needed

1 ⁄ 2 " overhang

2x4 redwood

decking

spaced 1 ⁄ 8 "

The best way to attach sleepers to the concrete slab is with a power

hammer which uses explosive charges to shoot special nails into

concrete. Power hammers are available at building supply and tool

rental centers. They are easy to use and are designed with safety

features to help prevent accidents. Follow the manufacturer’s

directions for safe operation.

2. Lay out decking The decking should be laid in place before

nailing. Random lengths of Construction Heart or Deck Heart can

be used for decking as long as butt joints meet over the sleepers. It is

good practice not to have two butt joints adjacent to each other on the

same sleeper. Install deck boards bark side up.

3. Install decking Use top quality hot-dipped galvanized,

stainless steel or aluminum nails and fasteners for exterior redwood

projects. Other types of fasteners will corrode when exposed to moisture

and will cause unsightly stains.

For 2-inch decking, use 10-penny (10d) nails or 3-inch deck

screws. Decking nails should penetrate 1 1 ⁄ 2 inches into the sleepers.

If you use a power drill, be careful not to overdrill the screw heads.

Nail and screw heads should be flush with the board surface.

Predrill nail holes at board ends to avoid splitting. To allow for

water drainage, deck boards should be spaced about 1 ⁄ 8- inch apart.

4. Skirtboards Complete the deck with 2x4 or 2x6 skirtboards,

depending on the ground clearance you have. See the finishes section

on the back panel of this brochure for guidelines to various finishing

methods and their results.

2x4 redwood skirtboard

24" o.c.

Shim as needed to level

1 ⁄ 2 " overhang

Slab sloped for drainage

Concrete slab

2x4 redwood sleepers

TOOLS AND MATERIALS

Redwood

For beauty and performance, redwood is naturally superior to

other woods. That’s why it’s the first choice for decks, fences and

most outdoor projects. Redwood retains its beauty outdoors, shrinks

and swells less than other woods and is less likely to warp, split,

check or cup. With relatively little or no pitch, redwood is easy to

drill, saw and shape. Redwood heartwood has natural durability and

resistance to insects and will last longer outdoors than most woods.

Grades

The knotty garden grades of redwood are ideal for outdoor projects.

These grades are beautiful, durable and economical.

Construction Heart/Deck Heart is all heartwood and con-

tains knots; used for load-bearing applications near the ground.

Deck Heart is graded for strength and is available in 2x4 and 2x6.

Construction Common/Deck Common contains sapwood

and knots; used for decking and above-ground uses. Deck Common

is graded for strength and is available in 2x4 and 2x6.

Merchantable Heart is all heartwood and contains larger knots

than Construction grades; used near the soil.

Merchantable contains sapwood and larger knots; used for

fence boards, rails and above-ground uses.

Tools you will need Tape measure, carpenter’s or framing

square, power hammer, level, power radial saw or hand saw,

hammer, power drill and drill bits.

Materials For One Square (100 Square Feet)

Quantity

Size

Sleepers

60 linear feet

2x4

Deck boards

326 linear feet

2x4

or Deck boards

210 linear feet

2x6

Deck screws

1 pound

3 inches

Deck nails

1 1 ⁄ 2 pounds

10d

Contact the California Redwood Association for more great publica-

tions containing redwood technical and building information. Call

us toll free at 1-888-Cal-Redwood for a complete literature list or to

ask for any of the titles listed here:

Finishes

Redwood accepts finishes better than most woods. Some heighten

redwood’s natural beauty, bringing out the color and the grain.

Others help the wood harmonize or contrast with surrounding

structures. Read the labels on all finish products before using.

No-finish option Redwood performs better than most woods if

left unfinished. This no-maintenance option will result in redwood

weather-bleaching to a soft driftwood gray.

Clear water repellent finish with mildewcide is recommended

to stabilize the color at tan.

Bleaching and weathering stains produce a permanent drift-

wood gray effect, a good, low-maintenance option.

Semitransparent stains in “redwood” shades tint the wood

without hiding the grain.

Solid-color stains or paints should be applied over compatible

oil-based primers.

Fasteners

Use only non-corrosive hardware such as aluminum, stainless

steel or top quality hot-dipped galvanized screws or nails.

Ordinary nails and screws will cause stains.

Other Construction Tipsheets

Also Available

Freestanding Deck

Deck Construction

Calistoga Spa Surround

Deck Grades, Nails and Finishes

Windsor Shade Shelter

Fences for All Reasons

Monterey Potting Center

Landscape Architecture

405 Enfrente Drive, Suite 200

Novato, CA 94949-7206

Telephone 415 382-0662

Toll Free 888 Cal-Redwood

Fax 415 382-8531

www.calredwood.org

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