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OSPF Network Design Solutions
Second Edition
Thomas M. Thomas II, CCIE No. 9360
Cisco Press
Cisco Press
201 West 103rd Street
Indianapolis, IN 46290 USA
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OSPF Network Design Solutions, Second Edition
Thomas M. Thomas II
Copyright© 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc.
Published by:
Cisco Press
201 West 103rd Street
Indianapolis, IN 46290 USA
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic
or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without
written permission from the publisher, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review.
Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
First Printing April 2003
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Number: 2001095162
ISBN: 1-58705-032-3
Warning and Disclaimer
This book is designed to provide information about the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol. Every effort has
been made to make this book as complete and as accurate as possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied.
The information is provided on an “as is” basis. The authors, Cisco Press, and Cisco Systems, Inc. shall have neither
liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damages arising from the information
contained in this book or from the use of the discs or programs that may accompany it.
The opinions expressed in this book belong to the author and are not necessarily those of Cisco Systems, Inc.
Trademark Acknowledgments
All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized.
Cisco Press or Cisco Systems, Inc. cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this book
should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark.
Feedback Information
At Cisco Press, our goal is to create in-depth technical books of the highest quality and value. Each book is crafted
with care and precision, undergoing rigorous development that involves the unique expertise of members from the
professional technical community.
Readers’ feedback is a natural continuation of this process. If you have any comments regarding how we could
improve the quality of this book, or otherwise alter it to better suit your needs, you can contact us through email at
feedback@ciscopress.com. Please make sure to include the book title and ISBN in your message.
We greatly appreciate your assistance.
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Publisher
John Wait
Editor-In-Chief
John Kane
Cisco Representative
Anthony Wolfenden
Cisco Press Program Manager
Sonia Torres Chavez
Manager, Marketing Communications, Cisco Systems
Scott Miller
Cisco Marketing Program Manager
Edie Quiroz
Executive Editor
Brett Bartow
Acquisitions Editor
Amy Moss
Production Manager
Patrick Kanouse
Development Editor
Christopher Cleveland
Project Editor
San Dee Phillips
Copy Editor
Progressive Publishing Alternatives
Technical Editors
Henry Benjamin, Matthew Birkner, Rick Burts,
Daniel Golding, John Hammond, Cary Riddock
Team Coordinator
Tammi Ross
Book Designer
Gina Rexrode
Cover Designer
Louisa Adair
Indexer
Tim Wright
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is a self-proclaimed Network Emergency Repair Dude, or NERD for short, and a country
boy who is CCIE No. 9360 as well as being a certified Cisco Systems instructor and holding CCNP, CCDA, and
CCNA certifications and claims he never works because he loves what he does. Tom is the founder of NetCerts.com
(now CCPrep.com) and the International Network Resource Group (www.inrgi.net ) where he remains on the board
of directors in an advisory capacity, providing vision and focus. He was previously an Instructor for Chesapeake
Computer Consultants, Inc. (CCCI), and a course developer for Cisco Systems. He has also authored the first edition
of OSPF Network Design Solutions and a variety of other networking books designed to help his fellow engineers.
Tom is currently working as a senior network consultant designing and implementing Voice-over-IP and Data networks
wherever he can as a part of US Networks, Inc. (www.usnetworksinc.com). Tom currently lives in Raleigh, NC,
with his family, and although he is not in the country, he humorously observes that you can see it from his home.
, CCIE No. 4695, holds three CCIE certifications (Routing and Switching, ISP Dial, and Communica-
tion and Services). Formerly with the Cisco Systems CCIE global team, Henry is now an independent consultant for
a large security firm in Australia. He has served as a proctor for the CCIE Lab exams and is the author of CCNP
Practical Studies: Routing from Cisco Press and CCIE Routing and Switching Exam Cram from Coriolis.
Matthew H. Birkner , CCIE No. 3719, is a technical leader at Cisco Systems, specializing in IP and MPLS network
design. He has influenced multiple large carrier and enterprise designs worldwide. Matt has spoken at Cisco Networkers
on MPLS VPN technologies in both the United States and EMEA over the past few years. Matt, a “Double CCIE,”
authored the Cisco Press book, Cisco Internetwork Design . Matt holds a B.S.E.E. from Tufts University, where he
majored in electrical engineering.
Rick Burts , CCIE No. 4615, has over 20 years experience with computers and computer networks. Rick is a certified
Cisco Systems instructor and a CCIE (Routing/Switching). He has taught a variety of Cisco courses and helped
develop an OSPF course for Mentor Technologies. Rick is a consultant and has helped many customers with OSPF as their
network routing protocol. He is a senior consultant with Chesapeake NetCraftsmen (www.netcraftsmen.net). In his current
position, Rick deals with network design, implementation, and troubleshooting issues and teaches a few courses.
Daniel L. Golding is peering manager in America Online’s Internet Architecture group. Dan is responsible for
ensuring worldwide Internet connectivity for all AOL Time Warner subscribers and properties. His particular areas
of expertise include internetwork peering and routing policy design. He has a long history of involvement with various
Internet service providers, particularly in the area of backbone engineering. Dan is also a frequent speaker at North
American Network Operator’s Group (NANOG) meetings and has been a network engineer for over six years.
John Hammond has been an instructor and course developer for Juniper Networks for the past two years. Prior to
that he was a member of the teaching staff of Chesapeake Computer Consultants, Inc., a Cisco Training Partner.
John has been involved in many aspects of networks since 1990.
Cary Riddock , CCNP, CSS1, has worked as an network engineer for some of the largest companies in Houston,
Texas and Central Florida over the last six years. He is very active in the IT Security Field and is currently pursuing
CCSP and CISSP certifications. His resume includes co-authoring MCNS for Cisco Press and is a contributing
author for various network security publications.
About the Author
Thomas M. Thomas II
About the Technical Reviewers
Henry Benjamin
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Dedications
I want to dedicate this book to my family for their ever-faithful support and understanding during the many nights
and weekends I spent writing. An extra special thank you goes to my wife Rose, daughter Rebekah, and son Daniel
who never voiced anything but encouragement and support.
Without the support of my family and their faith in me I would never have been able to completely rewrite this
book.
I had my faith in the Lord and the knowledge that my family knew I could improve upon my book in this new edition
to keep me going.
I want to reaffirm a few words of special meaning to my wife and I who have been married for over 15 years…
Always
Forever
Endlessly
Until Eternity
Acknowledgments
I am very grateful to the group of talented people that were assembled to make this book a reality. Through their
knowledge, dedication, and hard work, this book has become more than I ever thought possible.
The most important acknowledgment must go to my wife, Rose, who put up with me writing all night after working
all day. Her unwavering support was the single greatest factor in my ability to complete the book you now hold in
your hands.
Writing this book allowed me to assemble a team of technical professionals who have helped me make this book
more than I thought possible. I had the privilege to be a part of an awesome team during this time. Thank you all for
your insight and friendship.
I have to recognize the extraordinary group of publishing professionals who helped guide me through the process:
Amy Moss, a true and dear friend of many years now; and Chris Cleveland who is always busy but always has time
to help me.
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