Sexual function-skrot.pdf

Physiology and disturbances

of sexual functions

SEXUALITY

Sexuality is a central aspect of being human throughout

life and encompasses sex, gender identities and roles, sexual

orientation, eroticism, pleasure, intimacy and reproduction.

Sexuality is experienced and expressed in thoughts,

fantasies, desires, beliefs, attitudes, values, behaviours,

practices, roles and relationships. While sexuality can include all

of these dimensions, not all of them are always experienced or

expressed.

Sexuality is influenced by the interaction of biological,

psychological, social, economic, political, cultural, ethical, legal,

historical, religious and spiritual factors.

DEFINITION OF SEXUAL HEALTH (WHO 1975)

Sexual health is the integration of the somatic, emotional,

intellectual, and social aspects of sexual being, in ways that are

positively enriching and that enhance personality, communication,

and love. Fundamental to this concept are the right to sexual

information and the right to pleasure.

The concept of sexual health includes three basic elements :

1. a capacity to enjoy and control sexual and reproductive

behaviour in accordance with a social and personal ethic,

2. freedom from fear, shame, guilt, false beliefs, and other

psychological factors inhibiting sexual response and impairing

sexual relationship,

3. freedom from organic disorders, diseases, and deficiencies that

interfere with sexual and reproductive functions.

WHAT IS SEXUAL HEALTH?

PROBLEMS WITH THE DEFINITION

The WHO definitions have repeatedly been criticized as

tautological and, in any case, as ideological. Indeed, they

formulate an ideal developed in the course of the 20th century by

the middle classes in Western industrialized countries. They

cannot claim universal validity for all world regions or all periods

of history, differences in culture, religion and economic status.

DEFINITION OF SEXUAL HEALTH (WHO 2002)

"Sexual health is a state of physical, emotional, mental and

social well-being related to sexuality; it is not merely the

absence of disease, dysfunction or infirmity. Sexual health

requires a positive and respectful approach to sexuality and

sexual relationships, as well as the possibility of having

pleasurable and safe sexual experiences, free of coercion,

discrimination and violence. For sexual health to be attained

and maintained, the sexual rights of all persons must be

respected, protected and fulfilled."

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