On the Way to the Web.pdf

ON THE WAY TO THE WEB

THE SECRET HISTORY OF THE INTERNET

AND ITS FOUNDERS

Michael A. Banks

On the Way to the Web: The Secret History of the Internet and

Its Founders

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ISBN-13 (pbk): 978-1-4302-0869-3

ISBN-13 (electronic): 978-1-4302-0870-9

Printed and bound in the United States of America987654321

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Lead Editor: Jeffrey Pepper

Technical Reviewer: John Vacca

Editorial Board: Clay Andres, Steve Anglin, Ewan Buckingham, Tony Campbell, Gary Cornell,

Jonathan Gennick, Matthew Moodie, Joseph Ottinger, Jeffrey Pepper, Frank Pohlmann,

Ben Renow-Clarke, Dominic Shakeshaft, Matt Wade, Tom Welsh

Project Manager: Richard Dal Porto

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Production Editor: Laura Esterman

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Cover Designer: Kurt Krames

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caused directly or indirectly by the information contained in this work.

For Pat, Larry, Harry, Jerry, James, Ralph, Resnick,

Janet, Ricky, Van, James, Laurie, Chuq, Scott, Akira,

Bill, Peabo, Uwe, Dan, JimSB, Chalker, Eva,

and the rest of the cyberspace night shift

Contents at a Glance

FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi

ABOUTTHE AUTHOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix

ABOUTTHETECHNICAL REVIEWER. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi

PREFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxiii

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxv

INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxvii

CHAPTER 1 LOOKING BACK: WHERE DID IT ALL BEGIN? . . . . . . . . . 1

CHAPTER 2 INTHE MONEY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

CHAPTER 3 MAKING CONTACTWITH COMPUSERVE . . . . . . . . . . 15

CHAPTER 4 THESOURCE............................25

CHAPTER 5 DIS-CONTENT AND CONFLICT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

CHAPTER 6 EVOLUTION............................49

CHAPTER 7 ONLINE EXPERIMENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

CHAPTER 8 TRIALS AND ERRORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

CHAPTER 9 THESECONDWAVE.......................79

CHAPTER 10 AOL GESTATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

CHAPTER 11 THETHIRDWAVE........................103

CHAPTER 12 INWITHTHE NEW, OUTWITHTHE OLD. . . . . . . . . . 115

CHAPTER 13 AOL EVOLVES: EXPANSION, INTEGRATION,

ANDSUCCESS..........................127

CHAPTER 14 PRODIGY:THE FLAT-RATE PIONEERWHO JUST

DIDN’T GET IT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

CHAPTER 15 MOVINGTOTHENET......................157

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