comparisonSGI,SHOSHUANDNICHIRENSHU.pdf

“A response to questions from Soka Gakkai practitioners

regarding the similarities and differences among

Nichiren Shu, Nichiren Shoshu and the Soka Gakkai”

This letter was first published on a Buddhist web message board by Rev. Tarabini

answering a question from a Sangha member about the differences between Nichiren

lineage’s. It has been edited to include only the sections concerning the differences and

remove personal references.

I will now explain some fundamental similarities and differences between 1)

Nichiren Shu (and most other basic Nichiren Schools), 2) Nichiren Shoshu and 3) the Soka

Gakkai. In just one simple e-mail, however, I cannot possibly explain all the similarities

and differences. I must point however, that they are all believers of the Lotus Sutra, recite

this sutra and chant the Odaimoku of Namu Myoho Renge Kyo. Furthermore, all read the

sacred writings of Nichiren Daishonin (called Gosho or Goibun ). Within Nichiren

Buddhism, there are a number of lineage's and schools which have derived from the

original temples established by the six senior most or principle disciples of Nichiren

Daishonin.

In Nichiren Buddhism, there are 2 basic divisions - the "Itchi" and "Shoretsu"

lineages. From here, other sub-divisions and movements grew and developed, such as the

Happon-ha (Eight Volumes lineage), the Fuju Fuse (Don't receive from nor give alms to

non believers lineage) and others. However, I won't discuss those schools or movements

now.

In brief, the "Itchi" lineage read, study and recite (chant) the entire Lotus Sutra, with

special emphasis placed on the significance of the 2nd and 16th chapters. However, all

chapters are considered valid, and therefore all are regularly recited and thoroughly

studied. In the case of the "Shoretsu" lineage, however, they place credence solely in the

2nd and 16h chapters. They recite only and study primarily these chapters.

Nichiren Shoshu and the Soka Gakkai are extremely similar, because their origins

are the same- their basis of faith and practice are founded on the way of observing

Nichiren Buddhist faith as established by Taisekiji which up until recently was the Head

Temple of both groups. Both Nichiren Shoshu and the Soka Gakkai (also know as the SGI)

are derived from the Shoretsu lineage.

Between the various Shoretsu schools, however, there is a further division. Taisekiji

and consequently the whole of Nichiren Shoshu are derived from the lineage of one of

Nichiren Daishonin's major disciples, Nikko Shonin. The original group of Nikko derived

schools and temples (called the "Fuji Monryu" or Fuji lineage), however, is much larger.

Not all these temples are part of Nichiren Shoshu. Some are part of Nichiren Shu, some are

part of other schools, and some are today independent temples.

The Nikko temples, which are either connected or derived from Taisekiji temple,

namely Nichiren Shoshu, Shoshin Kai, Kensho Kai and the Soka Gakkai all believe that

Sakyamuni Buddha is merely an historical figure in the overall spectrum of Buddhism.

They do not truly revere him as the original teacher or master of Buddhism. The only True

or Original Buddha for this lineage is Nichiren Daishonin. Therefore, as a result, for this

lineage Nichiren Daishonin's writings become even more important than the Lotus Sutra

itself. This derivation in tradition is quite problematic. Although no one denies the great

respect and veneration due Nichiren Daishonin, the near elimination of the Buddha goes

directly against what Nichiren Daishonin preached. Nichiren Daishonin risked his entire

life to bring the Buddhist world of Kamakura Japan back to orthodoxy. He was especially

critical of the Pure Land doctrines, because they had abandoned Sakyamuni Buddha and

replaced him with Amida Buddha as the Buddha of veneration. Nichiren spent his entire

life trying to encourage the Buddhist schools and people of Japan of his era to return to

basics - to return to faith in the Buddha Sakyamuni and his ultimate teaching of the Lotus

Sutra. Therefore, replacing the Buddha Sakyamuni with Nichiren Daishonin goes directly

against what the Daishonin spent his entire life trying to do, risking numerous

persecutions, exile, starvation and countless attempts on his life.

In Nichiren Shu, the Lotus Sutra is central to faith, practice and study. However, the

teachings of Nichiren Daishonin are also highly revered and thoroughly read and studied

too. The writings of Nichiren Daishonin, called Goibun or Gosho, teach us how to

approach and maintain faith. They also continually guide us back to the prime point of our

Buddhist faith and practice – the Eternal Buddha Sakyamuni and the heart of his teachings

and his enlightenment – the Lotus Sutra.

This particular train of thought of Nichiren Daishonin taking precedence over the

Original Buddha, Sakyamuni, was initially brought to Taisekiji in the 1400s under its

Ninth High Priest Nichiu Shonin (1409-1482) but further made into a truly central part of

doctrine and a tradition of Taisekiji by their 26th High Priest, Nichikan Shonin

(1665-1726), centuries later. The origins of this line of thought, however, began at a temple

(now independent) near Taisekiji called Nishiyama Honmonji temple founded by one of

Nikko Shonin's disciples, Nichidai Shonin (1294-1394). However, this unique way of

thought, which differs greatly from the traditional lineages of the Nikko or other Nichiren

schools, was adopted primarily by Taisekiji.

When Taisekiji adopted this tradition, it began to cause friction between itself and

other Nikko temples. The other Nikko temples felt that Taisekiji was straying and starting

to create its own form of Nichiren Buddhism that had never been taught either by Nikko

Shonin or by Nichiren Daishonin. This new Taisekiji trend was followed with an insistence

on exclusiveness, saying that only their temple maintained the validity of Nichiren

Daishonin's teachings. Not such an uncommon thing amongst the various Nichiren

temples. Many competed with each other out a sense of rivalry to insist they had the best

temple, facilities and teachings. However, in the case of Taisekiji, this competitiveness

further developed into a new doctrine of "kechimyaku" or the lifeblood of faith. This new

doctrine insisted that only Taisekiji and its successive High Priests had inherited the true

teachings of Nichiren Daishonin. All temples that did not align themselves with Taisekiji

would be branded heretics. To further convince others that their claims were true, they

created two new writings of Nichiren Daishonin which had never been recorded either by

Nikko Shonin or Nichiro Shonin (two of the master's six major disciples) nor by Nichijo

Shonin (who had been Toki Jonin, but received the precepts and became a priest) who

collected, documented, catalogued and stored as many of Nichiren Daishonin's writings as

he could. These two "new" writings called the Minobu and Ikegami Transfer Documents

directly contradicted Nichiren Daishonin's directive which appointed six major disciples

(Nissho, Nichiro, Nikko, Niko, Nitcho and Nichiji) and final wishes his disciples to

collaborate together and equally share the responsibility of maintaining Nichiren

Buddhism and propagating the master's teachings.

This finally culminated in Taisekiji's creation of the "Daigohonzon" from which

Taisekiji claimed all other Mandala Gohonzon (the object of veneration and worship in

Mandala form created by Nichiren Daishonin) gained their power and validity. According

to this new doctrine, even a Mandala Gohonzon written by Nichiren Daishonin himself, if

it was not in possession by Taisekiji or a temple directly affiliated with Taisekiji, did not

hold the life of the Buddha and could not be considered valid. Furthermore, this new

variation in doctrine insists that only through a temple, priest, or Gohonzon directly linked

to Taisekiji could a person reach salvation. Although the Daigohonzon in itself is a valid

Mandala Gohonzon, this concept of a super Gohonzon that empowers all the others

blatantly contradicted Nichiren Daishonin's teachings and consequently, created a great

feeling of mistrust with other Nikko temples. This lead up to a rift and finally a division

between Taisekiji and other temples of the Fuji lineage. Even between Taisekiji and other

schools or groups derived from the Taisekiji lineage, this Daigohonzon has been a hotly

debated issue. In further appears that recently some circles within Taisekiji itself may be

researching and questioning this subject. Because of your letter, I began reading a number

of Soka Gakkai publications and internet websites. I came across the Kawabe Memo

written by a Nichiren Shoshu priest as a memorandum of a conversation between himself

and Taisekiji's present 67th High Priest, Nikken Shonin. Although no one in Taisekiji, Soka

Gakkai or even other Nichiren schools for that matter, distrust the validity of this Mandala

Gohonzon as such - a Mandala Gohonzon, this particular memorandum calls into question

the authenticity of the Daigohonzon in terms of being a Mandala Gohonzon genuinely

Plik z chomika:

Inne pliki z tego folderu:

Inne foldery tego chomika: