Encyclopedic Dictionary of Named Processes in Chemical Technology.pdf

ENCYCLOPEDIC

DICTIONARY OF

NAMED PROCESSES

IN CHEMICAL

TECHNOLOGY

THIRD EDITION

ENCYCLOPEDIC

DICTIONARY OF

NAMED PROCESSES

IN CHEMICAL

TECHNOLOGY

THIRD EDITION

Alan E. Comyns

Boca Raton London New York

CRC Press is an imprint of the

Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

CRC Press

Taylor & Francis Group

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International Standard Book Number-10: 0-8493-9163-6 (Hardcover)

International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-8493-9163-7 (Hardcover)

is book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted

with permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable eﬀorts have been made to

publish reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of

all materials or for the consequences of their use.

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Comyns, Alan E.

Encyclopedic dictionary of named processes in chemical technology / author/editor, Alan E.

Comyns. -- 3rd ed.

p. cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-0-8493-9163-7 (alk. paper)

1. Chemical processes--Dictionaries. I. Title. II. Title: Named processes in chemical technology.

TP155.7.C664 2007

660’.28103--dc22

2006102488

Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at

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Dedication

Dedicated to the generations of industrial chemists and engineers

whose ingenuity has given us the materials of civilization.

Foreword

It is both a pleasure and a privilege to have been invited to write the Foreword to a book of such

importance as Dr. Comyns’ dictionary of named processes in the chemical industry. For many

years, chemists have had access to books with titles like Named Reactions in Organic Chemistry.

Here the busy student or researcher can discover immediately the nature of the Wurtz reaction, the

Cannizzaro reaction, and such curiosities as the Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky reaction. Until the ﬁrst

edition of the present book appeared in 1993, no such literary assistance was available to the

multitudes who labored in the chemical industry. Six years later, a second edition took into account

the many novelties that had appeared in that short period. Now a third edition is expanded still

further, particularly by inclusion of many biological processes that industry now uses.

This book is encyclopedic in scope as well as in name, covering a vast range of industrial

practice. No single industrial chemist could possibly be familiar with more than a small fraction

of the processes named; when a new one suddenly appears on the horizon, help is immediately

available on these pages. I very much hope that all companies involved in chemical technology

will ensure it ﬁnds a place in their libraries. Although few people borrow dictionaries for leisure

reading (even dictionaries as good as this one), its natural home will be the reference section, so that

it is instantly available on demand.

There is, however, another reason for commending this book. Many of the names given to

industrial chemical processes arise from their history. Some (such as Ayers) denote the names of

their inventors; others (such as Hercules-BP) display the names of ﬁrms that originated or at least

operated the process; others (such as hydrocracking) drop more than a hint of the principal reagent

involved; others (such as PRI-SC) are acronyms constructed from initials of words in a phrase.

However, others (such as CAMERE) are made from bits of different words and yet others (such

as Merseburg) could mean anything at all. It happens to be the case that the history of the chemical

industry, woefully neglected for decades, is just now coming back into fashion. This welcome

development can be considerably assisted by the present work, where some historical detail often

is included. Naturally, historians would have liked more (they always do). But there is sufﬁcient

detail to whet the appetites of workers in chemical technology to learn something further of the

fascinating stories of their predecessors.

This book can be dipped into with pleasure again and again. I warmly recommend it to anyone

interested in the chemical industry — past, present, or future.

Colin A. Russell

Emeritus Professor of History of Science and Technology, The Open University

Research Scholar afﬁliated to the Department of the History and

Philosophy of Science, University of Cambridge

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