IBM - Samba, CIFS and Linux NFS.pdf

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Samba, CIFS and Linux Network

Filesystems

Steve French

Senior Engineer

IBM Linux Technology Center

sfrench@us.ibm.com

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VFS

“The Virtual File System (otherwise known as the

Virtual Filesystem Switch) is the software layer in the

kernel that provides the filesystem interface to

userspace programmes. It also provides an

abstraction within the kernel which allows different

filesystem implementations to co-exist.”

Richard Gooch in documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt

VFS is quite different from the very complex, rich “IFS” interface that

Windows NT, 2000 and XP provide. Many Unixes support a VFS like

interface to filesystem driver software

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Linux Filesystems

•

40 Filesystems in 2.4.18, mostly local

•

2 Added by 2.5.7: driverfs and IBM’s JFS (and

expand_fs is gone)

•

RAMFS in Linux 2.4 is a good example of a minimal,

cleanly written filesystem

•

Network filesystems unfortunately are much more

complicated for Linux see include/linux/fs.h to see a

complete list of the Linux filesystems

–

NFS, NCPFS, SMBFS, Coda, Intermezzo

•

I am writing a CIFS VFS (smbfs overlaps slightly)

•

AFS and GFS (not in the main tree) are also important

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Filesystems are still critical

•

In this Internet era

•

… despite databases

•

… despite new storage paradigms

•

“Traditional” Filesystems are still critical and are being actively

developed, enhanced improved

•

NAS (and hybrid NAS/SAN) products and management software is

increasing in importance

•

Storage (especially network storage requirements) is growing faster

than processor requirements

•

The goal: make network storage so reliable, fast, secure, and easy to operate

that users hardly ever think about it. (the industry has a long way to go,

fortunately for future grads)

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… and they keep changing. Note:

Linux 2.5 Filesystem changes

• See Documentation/filesystems/porting for a

complete list

• BKL (Big Kernel Lock) taken in fewer places for

improved performance

• Read_super (called eventually from do_mount)

is gone replaced by get_sb (big help for network

filesystems that do not want mount helpers)

• Filesystem declaration changed and a few flags

• New inode allocation/destroy routines

• Seven new filesystem helper routines

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