Ships - 300 World Famous Ships.pdf - plany(tmp) - haijunqi2

THE HISTORY AND SPECIFICATIONS

OF 300 WORLD-FAMOUS SHIPS

CHRIS BISHOP

Published by Silverdale Books

an imprint of Bookmart Ltd

Registered Number 2372865

Trading as Bookmart Ltd

Blaby Road

Wigston

Leicester LE18 4SE

stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by

any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or

otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright holder.

ISBN 1-84509-303-8

Editorial and design by

Amber Books Ltd

Bradley's Close

74-77 White Lion Street

London Nl 9PF

www.amberbooks.co.uk

Project Editor: Michael Spilling

Design: Jerry Williams

Printed in Singapore

PJcn"RE CREDITS

_-\II anworks courtesy Art-Tech.

Pb<xographs on pages 7 and 8 courtesyTRH Pictures; page 11

court~' US Department of Defense.

Contents

Introduction 6

Cheops Ship (3000BC) to Bounty (1784) 12

Vanguard (1787) to Adelaide (1872) 44

Canada (1876) to Dreadnought (1906) 70

Scharnhorst (1907) to Indianapolis (1931) 102

Achilles (1932) to Yamato (1941) 142

Onslaught (1942) to Forrestal (1955) 190

Endurance (1956) to U-12 (1966) 222

Yankee class (1967) to Nacken (1976) 252

Sovremennyy (1980) to Voyager of the Seas (1999) 280

Index 312

6 SHIPS

Introduction

From the dawn ofcivilization, the sea has held a fascination

for humankind. Over the centuries, men have sought to

navigate the seas with a myriad ofships and sailing craft for

an equally diverse range of purposes. Ships, even in the

earliest days, could carry cargos farther and faster than any

type of overland transport.

Peloponnesian War (431-404BC). Manned by large crews,

oarsmen were able to propel these agile vessels at high speed

under favourable conditions. It would be centuries before

sailing ships could reach such speeds over short distances.

Naval battle tactics were developed in this period, notably by

the Greek admiral Phormio in 400BC, whose skill enabled him

to defeat superior forces.

Though Roman merchant ships had sailed the

Mediterranean since the beginning of the third century BC, the

Romans were traders by sea, not fighters. While the Roman

Legions demonstrated the Roman mastery of warfare on land,

the development of a fighting navy had been neglected.

Carthage, originally a colony of the Phoenicians, possessed a

strong navy because of the necessity to seek its livelihood

around the Mediterranean. When commercial rivalry finally

caused a war between Rome and Carthage in 264BC, the

Romans soon saw the need to develop their navy and modelled

their warships upon those captured from Carthage. Although

the Romans were originally defeated they soon perfected their

tactics, developing the boarding bridge, which enabled their

soldiers to storm onto the decks of the Carthaginian vessels.

Long before the Iron Age, when Northern Europeans were

building simple plank boats that were suitable for use on rivers

and lakes, the pharaohs of Egypt were building sophisticated

ships able to operate in the open waters of the Mediterranean.

From this period two distinct types of ships evolved, with

cargo vessels possessing hull forms designed for carrying

capacity while warships developed as fast, manoeuvrable

fighting platforms able to mount and use a range ofweapons.

The vessels of the Bronze Age were limited in their abilities,

but by about 700BC the Greeks, copying and improving upon

Phoenician designs, had developed fast, rowed fighting ships

with several banks of oars. This was typical of the type of

fighting ship that fought at Salamis (480BC) and remained

the standard type for a long time after the end of the

Ships - 300 World Famous Ships.pdf

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