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Linux From Scratch
Linux From Scratch
Linux From Scratch
Table of Contents
Linux
From
Scratch.
...........................................................................................................................................1
Gerard
Beekmans.
....................................................................................................................................1
Dedication.
...........................................................................................................................................................2
Preface.
...............................................................................................................................................................10
Who
would
want
to
read
this
book.
.................................................................................................................11
Who
would
not
want
to
read
this
book.
..........................................................................................................12
Organization.
.....................................................................................................................................................13
Part
I
−
Introduction.
..............................................................................................................................13
Part
II
−
Installation
of
the
LFS
system.
................................................................................................13
Part
III
−
Appendixes.
............................................................................................................................13
I.
Part
I
−
Introduction.
....................................................................................................................................14
Chapter
1.
Introduction.
...................................................................................................................................15
Introduction.
......................................................................................................................................................16
How
things
are
going
to
be
done.
.....................................................................................................................17
Book
versions.
....................................................................................................................................................18
Acknowledgements
...........................................................................................................................................19
Changelog.
.........................................................................................................................................................20
Mailinglists
and
archives.
.................................................................................................................................27
lfs−discuss.
.............................................................................................................................................27
lfs−config.
..............................................................................................................................................27
lfs−apps.
.................................................................................................................................................27
lfs−announce.
.........................................................................................................................................28
linux.
......................................................................................................................................................28
alfs−discuss.
...........................................................................................................................................28
How
to
subscribe?.
.................................................................................................................................28
How
to
unsubscribe?.
.............................................................................................................................29
Mail
archives..
........................................................................................................................................29
Contact
information.
.........................................................................................................................................30
Chapter
2.
Important
information.
.................................................................................................................31
About
$LFS.
.......................................................................................................................................................32
i
Linux From Scratch
Table of Contents
How
to
download
the
software.
........................................................................................................................33
How
to
install
the
software.
..............................................................................................................................34
II.
Part
II
−
Installing
the
LFS
system.
...........................................................................................................36
Chapter
3.
Packages
you
need
to
download.
..................................................................................................37
Chapter
4.
Preparing
a
new
partition.
............................................................................................................40
Introduction.
......................................................................................................................................................41
Creating
a
new
partition.
.................................................................................................................................42
Creating
a
ext2
file
system
on
the
new
partition.
...........................................................................................43
Mounting
the
new
partition.
............................................................................................................................44
Creating
directories.
.........................................................................................................................................45
Chapter
5.
Preparing
the
LFS
system.
............................................................................................................46
How
and
why
things
are
done.
.........................................................................................................................47
Installing
Bash.
..................................................................................................................................................48
Installation
of
Bash.
...............................................................................................................................48
Contents.
................................................................................................................................................48
Description.
............................................................................................................................................48
Installing
Binutils.
.............................................................................................................................................49
Installation
of
Binutils
...........................................................................................................................49
Description.
............................................................................................................................................49
Description.
............................................................................................................................................49
ld.
..............................................................................................................................................49
as.
..............................................................................................................................................49
ar.
..............................................................................................................................................49
nm.
............................................................................................................................................49
objcopy.
.....................................................................................................................................50
objdump.
...................................................................................................................................50
ranlib.
........................................................................................................................................50
size.
...........................................................................................................................................50
strings.
.......................................................................................................................................50
strip.
..........................................................................................................................................50
c++filt
.......................................................................................................................................51
addr2line.
..................................................................................................................................51
nlmconv.
...................................................................................................................................51
ii
Linux From Scratch
Table of Contents
Installing
Bzip2.
.................................................................................................................................................52
Installation
of
Bzip2.
..............................................................................................................................52
Contents.
................................................................................................................................................52
Description.
............................................................................................................................................52
Bzip2.
........................................................................................................................................52
Bunzip2.
....................................................................................................................................52
bzcat.
.........................................................................................................................................52
bzip2recove.
.............................................................................................................................53
Installing
Diffutils
.............................................................................................................................................54
Installation
of
Diffutils.
..........................................................................................................................54
Contents.
................................................................................................................................................54
Description.
............................................................................................................................................54
cmp
and
diff.
.............................................................................................................................54
diff3.
..........................................................................................................................................54
sdiff.
..........................................................................................................................................54
Installing
Fileutils.
.............................................................................................................................................55
Installation
of
Fileutils.
..........................................................................................................................55
Contents.
................................................................................................................................................55
Description.
............................................................................................................................................55
chgrp.
........................................................................................................................................55
chmod..
......................................................................................................................................55
chown.
.......................................................................................................................................55
cp.
..............................................................................................................................................56
dd.
.............................................................................................................................................56
df.
..............................................................................................................................................56
ls,
dir
and
vdir.
..........................................................................................................................56
dircolors.
...................................................................................................................................56
du.
.............................................................................................................................................56
instal.
........................................................................................................................................56
ln.
..............................................................................................................................................56
mkdir.
........................................................................................................................................57
mkfifo..
......................................................................................................................................57
mknod.
......................................................................................................................................57
mv.
............................................................................................................................................57
rm.
.............................................................................................................................................57
rmdi.
.........................................................................................................................................57
sync.
..........................................................................................................................................57
touch.
.........................................................................................................................................57
Installing
GCC
on
the
normal
system
if
necessary.
.......................................................................................58
Installation
of
GCC
on
the
normal
system
if
necessary.
........................................................................58
Contents.
................................................................................................................................................58
Description.
............................................................................................................................................58
Compiler.
..................................................................................................................................59
Pre−processor
...........................................................................................................................59
iii
Linux From Scratch
Table of Contents
C++
Library.
.............................................................................................................................59
Installing
GCC
on
the
LFS
system.
.................................................................................................................60
Installation
of
GCC
on
the
LFS
system.
................................................................................................60
Creating
necessary
symlinks.
....................................................................................................60
Contents.
................................................................................................................................................60
Description.
............................................................................................................................................61
Compiler.
..................................................................................................................................61
Pre−processor
...........................................................................................................................61
C++
Library.
.............................................................................................................................61
Installing
Linux
Kernel
....................................................................................................................................62
Installation
of
Linux
Kerne.
..................................................................................................................62
Contents.
................................................................................................................................................62
Description.
............................................................................................................................................62
Installing
Glibc.
.................................................................................................................................................63
A
note
on
the
glibc−crypt
package.
.......................................................................................................63
Installation
of
Glibc
...............................................................................................................................63
Copying
old
NSS
library
files.
...............................................................................................................64
Contents.
................................................................................................................................................65
Description.
............................................................................................................................................65
Installing
Grep
..................................................................................................................................................66
Installation
of
Grep.
...............................................................................................................................66
Contents.
................................................................................................................................................66
Description.
............................................................................................................................................66
egrep.
.........................................................................................................................................66
fgrep.
.........................................................................................................................................66
grep.
..........................................................................................................................................66
Installing
Gzip.
..................................................................................................................................................67
Installation
of
Gzip
................................................................................................................................67
Contents.
................................................................................................................................................67
Description.
............................................................................................................................................67
gunzip..
......................................................................................................................................67
gzexe.
........................................................................................................................................67
gzip..
..........................................................................................................................................68
zcat.
...........................................................................................................................................68
zcmp.
.........................................................................................................................................68
zdiff.
..........................................................................................................................................68
zforce.
.......................................................................................................................................68
zgrep.
.........................................................................................................................................68
zmore.
.......................................................................................................................................68
znew.
.........................................................................................................................................68
Installing
Make.
.................................................................................................................................................69
iv
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