English word structure2.pdf
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Microsoft Word - 08 word structure ctd.doc
8. Word structure continued...
- review of syllabification: nuclei – onset maximisation – codas – extrametricality – magic sC!
- three-dimensional representation, maximal binarity of syllabic constituents,
91.
English and Polish onsets
CC CCC CCCC
krowa awa pry
an bzdua drgnąć
kto tkiwy źdźbło
lwy krwi wzgąd
TR sTR C
P
sTR
sT C
P
sT TR
P
TR
C
P
C C
P
TR sT
P
TR
TR
P
C
92.
Parameters on word structure
Polish vs. English
a. [CC] /C
P
C/ [CC] /CC/
/CC/
b.
Short vowels and long vowels
Polish vs. English
N N N
| |
x x x x
93.
Final codas...
Recall that Onset was a domain of phonotactics – coda should also be – but RT clusters, while
having identical phonotactics, belong to two different phonotactic domains: coda-onset contacts
and codas – is this an accident or no accident at all?
. b.
sonorant coda - plosive onset sonorant coda - fricative onset
temper [
"temp´
] hemp[
hemp
] rancid [
"rœnsId
] once[
wøns
]
bandit [
"bœndIt
] end[end] pilfer[
"pIlf´
] self[
self
]
banter [
"bœnt´
] sand[
sœnd
] palsy[
"pOÜlzi
] Naples[
neIplz
]
anchor [
"œNk´
] wink [
wINk
] balsam[
"bOÜls´m
] false [
fOÜls
]
alcove [
"œlk´Uv
] milk [
mIlk
]
. d.
fricative coda - plosive onset plosive coda - plosive onset
aspen [
"œsp´n
] clasp [
klAÜsp
] chapter [
"tSœpt´
] apt [
œpt
]
mister [
"mIst´
] best [
best
] October[
Åk"t´Ub´
] fact[
fœkt
]
rascal [
"rAÜsk´l
] ask[
AÜsk
]
laughter [
"lAÜft´
] daft [
dAÜft
]
Either the two types of domains accidentally have identical melodic requirements, or... one of them
pretends to be something different...
15
#C
1
{C
2
}
P
C
1
{C
2
}… vs. *#C
1
{C
2
}
P
C
1
{C
2
}…
94.
Closed syllable shortness suggests that final consonants are NOT codas...
a. red [
red
] id
reId
]
lid [
lId
] ad
liÜd
]
but [
bøt
] bout[
baUt
]
bell [
bel
] boil[
bOIl
]
lot [
lÅt
] late[
leIt
]
fat [
fœt
] fate[
feIt
]
ash [
œS
] sh
liÜS
]
itch [
ItS
] each[
iÜtS
]
b. .
receive [
rI"siÜv
] reception[
rI"sepS´n
] keep[
kiÜp
] kept[
kept
]
describe [
dI"skraIb
] descriptive [
dI"skrIptIv
] leave [
liÜv
] left[
left
]
wise [
waIz
] wisdom[
"wIzd´m
] thief[
TiÜf
] theft[
Teft
]
five [
faIv
] fifty[
"fIfti
] ive
faIv
] fifth[
fIfT
]
retain [
rI"teIn
] retentive [
rI"tentIv
] wide[
waId
] width[
wIdT
]
95. Whatif...
O R O R O R O R
| | | |
N N N N
| | | |
x x x x x x x x x x
| | | | | | | | |
m I s t i m I s t
96.
σ
1
σ
2
σ
3
O R O R O R
| | |
N N N
| |
x x x x x x x x x - extrameticality solved
| | | | | |
s t r e
I
n d
Z
97.
strange
is also strange for other reasons: Super-Heavy Rhyme (cf closed syllable shortening in
receive / reception...
)
Examples:
find, kind, bind, fiend, found, sound, hound, field, child, poultry, faulty, council, ancient,
angel, strange, change, chamber, Cambridge, paint, mountain
98
. Parameters on syllable / word structure
ENGLISH POLISH
Banching Ont Ys Ys
BranchingNucleus Yes
No
Banching Rhyme Ys Ys
Left Edge Parameter
#C
P
C
No
Ys
Right Edge Parameters
C
P
# Ys Ys
RT
P
# Ys Ys
TR
P
#
No
Ys
16
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angielski_i_stuff
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06Vowelsystem.pdf
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English word structure1.pdf
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English word structure2.pdf
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Inflectional vs Derivational Morphology.pdf
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