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The Blackwell History of the Latin Language
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The Blackwell History
of the Latin Language
James Clackson and Geoffrey Horrocks
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© 2007 by James Clackson and Geoffrey Horrocks
BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148-5020, USA
9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK
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The right of James Clackson and Geoffrey Horrocks to be identified
as the Authors of this Work has been asserted in accordance with
the UK Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any
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except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988,
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as trademarks. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade
names, service marks, trademarks, or registered trademarks of their respective
owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned
in this book.
This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in
regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold on the understanding that the
publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. If professional advice or
other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should
be sought.
First published 2007 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd
1 2007
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Clackson, James.
The Blackwell history of the Latin language / James Clackson and Geoffrey
Horrocks.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4051-6209-8 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Latin language–History.
I. Horrocks, Geoffrey C. II. Title.
PA2057.C58 2007
470.9–dc22
2007018802
A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library.
Set in 10/12pt Galliard
by Graphicraft Limited, Hong Kong
Printed and bound in Singapore
by Utopia Press Pte Ltd
The publisher’s policy is to use permanent paper from mills that operate a
sustainable forestry policy, and which has been manufactured from pulp processed
using acid-free and elementary chlorine-free practices. Furthermore, the publisher
ensures that the text paper and cover board used have met acceptable
environmental accreditation standards.
For further information on
Blackwell Publishing, visit our website:
www.blackwellpublishing.com
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Contents
Preface
vi
Chapter I
Latin and Indo-European
1
Chapter II
The Languages of Italy
37
Chapter III
The Background to Standardization
77
Chapter IV
‘Old’ Latin and its Varieties in the
Period c .400 –150 BC
90
Chapter V
The Road to Standardization: Roman Latin
of the Third and Second Centuries BC
130
Chapter VI
Elite Latin in the Late Republic and
Early Empire
183
Chapter VII Sub-Elite Latin in the Empire
229
Chapter VIII Latin in Late Antiquity and Beyond
265
Glossary
305
Appendix: The International Phonetic Alphabet
316
Bibliography of Reference and Other Works
317
Index
319
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