dictionary update.pdf

Dictionary Update

Lesson 1

In yer face

Radio 5 vox pop:

I think it’s quite good. It’s quite, sort of, in yer face, but it’s not too, sort of, fast

and furious. You know, the sports news is there and that’s something I really

like.

Tony Thorne:

In yer face began as a slang phrase in the US and it was always used to

criticise people's behaviour. It would mean that someone was being too

assertive, or aggressive, or pushy. And now in Britain, in media talk and in

conversation, it's usually used approvingly and it means, sort of, very

confident and powerful and uninhibited. And that ‘uninhibited’, I think, is the

clue, it's all about the British getting rid of their traditional reserve and their

traditional shyness and being uninhibited.

in yer face

- (slang) bezpośredni, swobodny, na luzie

fast and furious

- zmienny i szybki, o szaleńczym tempie

slang phrase

- wyrażenie slangowe

assertive

- asertywny, stanowczy

aggressive

- agresywny

pushy

- rozpierający się łokciami, bezczelny

in media talk

- w języku mediów

confident

- pewny siebie (w dodatnim znaczeniu)

powerful

- silny, mocny

uninhibited

- bez zahamowań i kompleksów,

wyluzowany

clue

- wskazówka

to get rid of sth

- pozbyć się czegoś

reserve

- rezerwa

shyness

- nieśmiałość

objaśnienia:

w wyrażeniu in yer face - your zostało ściągnięte do yer

uzupełnij zdania:

1. Somebody who can be described as ‘in yer face’ is (arrogant, shy,

uninhibited).

2. When you feel positive about your ability to do things and be

successful, you are (confiding, confident, confidential).

3. When you express your opinions strongly and with confidence, you are

(pushy, arrogant, assertive).

odpowiedzi na www.bbc.pl

sports news

- wiadomości sportowe

Lesson 2

Fat cats

vox pop:

The management in some companies are seen as overpaid fat cats because

in many cases their pay and bonuses for the year are seen in the media and

shown to be excessive by comparison to the lowest paid office worker in the

company.

Tony Thorne:

This is one of those rhyming humorous nicknames like bigwig or hotshot,

which is a very typically British way of mocking something. In this case it is

something that people actually hate but something that they can't change.

And it's all about these top businessmen, these top bosses who typically are

awarding themselves enormous salaries and enormous bonuses, at a time

when their companies may be losing money, may be going bankrupt - and the

customers and the public and the shareholders, are all losing money.

fat cat - osoba na wysokim stanowisku, która przyznaje

sobie wygórowane pensje, podwyżki i premie

management - kierownictwo, zarząd

to be overpaid - otrzymywać zbyt wysokie wynagrodzenie

pay - płaca, pensja

bonus - premia

excessive - wygórowany, nadmierny

by comparison - w porównaniu

lowest paid office worker - najmniej zarabiający urzędnik w biurze

rhyming

- rymujący się

bigwig

- gruba ryba, ważna osoba

hotshot

- osoba odnosząca zawrotne sukcesy, ‘cudowne

dziecko’

to mock

- naśmiewać się, wyśmiewać

to award yourself

- przyznawać sobie

enormous

- ogromny

salary

- pensja

to lose money

- tracić pieniądze, źle prosperować

to go bankrupt

- zbankrutować, ogłosić upadłość

customer

- klient

shareholder

- akcjonariusz

uzupełnij zdania:

1. A fat cat is seen as somebody who is (underpaid, overpaid, badly

paid).

2. Fat cats (accord, reward, award) themselves enormous salaries and

bonuses.

3. They do it even at the time when companies are losing money or

(going, getting, falling) bankrupt.

nickname

- przezwisko

boss

- szef, zwierzchnik, kierownik

odpowiedzi na www.bbc.pl

Lesson 3

Head to head

vox pop:

They started off with a big group of young people and they ended up with just

two guys going head to head , and the publicity round this was phenomenal.

It was even on the side of buses, you know, big adverts saying:” Will and

Gareth - the two finalists - go head to head tonight on television”. Everybody

was talking about it, it was in all the newspapers, it was just extraordinary!

Tony Thorne:

I think the image with going head to head is of two wrestlers, rugby players

or American football players, locked together in single combat, in individual

combat. It's a very kind of macho, very heroic way of thinking about two

people competing in a very tense struggle. But it's not only used about actual

sports, but very often used in the media, in conversation now. For example

about two politicians, two business people engaged in a very tense

negotiation, and it's all about individualism, and about power and about

conflict and competition.

to go head to head

- zmierzyć się z kimś

to start off

- zacząć (się)

to end up

- skończyć (się)

publicity

- ogłoszenie

image

- obraz, imaż

wrestler

- zapaśnik

rugby player

- rugbista

to be locked in combat

- być zamkniętym w żelaznym uścisku walki

macho

- macho

to compete

- rywalizować

tense

- napięty, pełen napięcia, spięty

struggle

- walka

to be engaged in sth

- być zaangażowanym w coś (in negotiations –

prowadzić negocjacje)

power

- władza, siła, potęga

competition

- rywalizacja

uzupełnij zdania:

1. They went head to (toe, neck, head) in the last round of the match.

2. The negotiations started (off, up, away) well.

3. But they ended (up, down, in) with no agreement.

odpowiedzi na www.bbc.pl

advert

- rozgłos

Lesson 4

Off your head, out of your head

vox pop:

The best thing about being a student is that you have very few responsibilities

and you have lots of time to socialise, which means drinking lots of beer,

going to the pub, and I have many happy memories of being completely off

my head .

vox pop:

I’ve given up drinking for a month because, basically, I just kept getting out

of my head all the time. And I realized that my health was going to be

suffering in the long run. It has been really boring, though. And I can’t wait

until Saturday, because I’m finally going to be able to have a glass of wine

with my dinner.

Tony Thorne:

These expressions off your head or out of your head , they’re slangy, very

much associated with young people, with teenagers, underage drinking and

drunkenness and also going to clubs and perhaps taking drugs and being out

of control and publicly out of control. But nowadays you hear an older

generation using the same slangy expressions to mean, you know, going

crazy, having a good time, being very uninhibited.

off your head, out of your head - pod wpływem alkoholu albo narkotyków;

również: szalony, rozszalały

responsibility

- obowiązek, odpowiedzialność

to socialise

- udzielać się towarzysko

happy memories

- radosne wspomnienia

to give up

- tu: rzucić (nałóg)

health

- zdrowie

to suffer

- cierpieć

in the long run

- na dłuższą metę

boring

- nudny

I can’t wait

- nie mogę się doczekać

slangy

- slangowy

to be associated with

- być związanym z

teenager

- nastolatek

underage

- niepełnoletni, nieletni, młodociany

underage drinking

- picie alkoholu przez niepełnoletnich

underage drunkenness

- upijanie się niepełnoletnich

drunkenness

- upicie się, pijaństwo

to take drugs

- brać narkotyki

to be out of control

- wymykać się spod kontroli, być

nieopanowanym, pozbawionym hamulców

older generation

- starsze pokolenie

to go crazy

- oszaleć, szaleć

to have a good time

- dobrze się bawić

beer

- piwo

to mean

- znaczyć

uninhibited

- bez żadnych zahamowań

uzupełnij zdania:

1. When you drink too much, you can be (out, of, out of) your head.

2. A person who has not come of age yet is (under, over, same) age.

3. When you spend time with people in order to enjoy yourself, you

(socialite, socialist, socialise).

odpowiedzi na www.bbc.pl

Lesson 5

Losing the plot

Marks and Spencer spokesman:

It has to be said that we lost touch with both the customers and the

competition. We were very actively embarked upon a programme of

expanding the business. With a lot going on, frankly we just, we lost the plot

as far as the customers were concerned.

Tony Thorne:

Losing the plot , it's a very interesting expression. It seems to come originally

from the idea of an actor, or even a writer or a director, making a play or a

movie, who gets lost and forgets how the story is supposed to develop .

In general it means becoming confused and not to know what one is

supposed to be doing. And it's a phrase which is typically used at the moment

in Britain to criticise people who should know better - experts, people in

power, people who are dominant in relationships.

to lose the plot

- stracić wątek

to lose touch with sb/sth

- stracić kontakt z kimś/czymś

customer

- konkurencja

to embark upon sth

- przystąpić, zabrać się do czegoś;

rozpocząć, podjąć coś

to expand the business

- rozwijać, rozszerzać przedsiębiorstwo

expression

- tu: szczerze mówiąc

play

- sztuka teatralna

ovie

- film

to get lost

- zgubić się

to forget

- zapomnieć

story

- fabuła, historia, opowiadanie

to develop

- rozwijać się

confused

- zdezorientowany, oszołomiony

people in power

- ludzie u władzy

dominant

- dominujący

relationships

- stosunki, relacje, związki między ludźmi

competition

- klient

frankly

- wyrażenie

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