The Origin of Man (FLPH,1959).pdf

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ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE US.I.R .
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RIGIN
AN
FOREIGN LANGUAGES PUBLISHING HOUSE
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TRANSLATED FROM THE RUSSIAN BY GEORGE H. HANNA
The Russian edition of
this
book, edited by
Professor Y. Roginsky, was published by the
Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R. in 1958. The
present translation
has
been read and approved
by the author.
CONTENTS
Preface
PART ONE
THE DARWIN AND OTHER HYPOTHESES CONCERNING
ANTHROPOGENESIS
Chapter One.
DARWIN ON THE ORIGIN OF MAN
1. Anthropogenesis Before Darwin . . . .
. . . .
2. Darwin on the Evolution of the Animal Kingdom . .
3. Darwin's Genealogy of Man . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chapter Two.
THE ANTHROPOID APES AND THEIR ORIGIN
1. Living Anthropoids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. Extinct Anthropoids . . . . . . .
. . . . . . .
OF MAN
9
I4
I8
30
45
Chapter Three.
CRITICISM OF THE LATER HYPOTHESES CONCERNING THE ORIGIN
1.
2.
3.
4.
S.
Religious Explanations of Anthropogenesis
The Tarsier Hypothesis . . .
Some
Simian Hypotheses . . . .
Osborne's Hypothesis . . . . . . . . . . . .
Weidenreich's Hypothesis of Anthropogenesis .
PART TWO
64
68
73
80
88
PHYSICAL PECULIARITIES OF THE HUMAN BODY AND THE
EMERGENCE OF MAN
Chopter One.
THE ROLE OF WORK AND ERECT LOCOMOTION IN ANTHROPOGENESIS
1. The Role of Work . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . 97
2. Methods of Locomotion of the Great Apes
.
100
3. The Weight of the Body and the Centre of Gravity in Man and the Apes 108
4. The Inferior Extremities . . . . . .
110
5.
The Pelvis, Spine and Thorax .
116
6. The Superior Extremities . .
122
7. The Proportions of the Body and Asymmetry
128
8. The Skull . . . . . . .
131
C/wpter
Two.
THE BRAIN AND HIGHER NERVOUS ACTIVITY IN MAN AND THE APES
1.
The Brain and Analysers of Man and the Apes . . . . . .
142
2. Development of the Peripheral Regions of the Analysers .
I
53
3. Higher Nervous Activity in Monkeys
. 168
4.
The
Second Signalling System-the Distinguishing Feature or Human
Thought . . . . . . . . . . . .
185
,.

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