MedicalGuide.pdf

INTERNATIONAL

MEDICAL GUIDE

FOR

SHIPS

2nd Edition

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION

GENEVA

INTERNATIONAL

MEDICAL GUIDE FOR

SHIPS

Including the ship's medicine chest

Second edition

World Health Organization

Geneva 1988

INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL GUIDE FOR SHIPS

iii

The World Health Organization is a specialized agency of the

United Nations with primary responsibility for international

health matters and public health. Through this organization,

which was created in 1948, the health professions of some

185 countries exchange their knowledge and experience with

the aim of making possible the attainment by all citizens of

the world by the year 2000 of a level of health that will permit

them to lead a socially and economically productive life.

By means of direct technical cooperation with its Member

States, and by stimulating such cooperation among them,

WHO promotes the development of comprehensive health

services, the prevention and control of diseases, the

improvement of environmental conditions, the development

of human resources for health, the coordination and develop-

ment of biomedical and health services research, and the

planning and implementation of health programmes.

These broad fields of endeavour encompass a wide variety

of activities, such as developing systems of primary health

care that reach the whole population of Member countries;

promoting the health of mothers and children; combating

malnutrition; controlling

malaria and other communicable diseases including

tuberculosis and leprosy; coordinating the global strategy for

the prevention and control of AIDS; having achieved the

eradication of smallpox, promoting mass immunization

against a number of other preventable diseases; improving

mental health; providing safe water supplies; and training

health personnel of all categories.

Progress towards better health throughout the world also

demands international cooperation in such matters as

establishing international standards for biological

substances, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals; formulating

environmental health criteria; recommending international

nonproprietary names for drugs; administering the Interna-

tional Health Regulations; revising the International

Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health

Problems; and collecting and disseminating health statistical

information.

Reflecting the concerns and priorities of the Organization

and its Member States, WHO publications provide

authoritative information and guidance aimed at promoting

health and preventing and controlling disease.

Illustrations by Shaun Smyth.

ISBN 92 4 154231 4

©World Health Organization 1988

Reprinted 1992, 1994

Publications of the World Health Organization enjoy

Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. For rights

of reproduction or translation of WHO publications, in part or

in toto, application should be made to the Office of

Publications, World Health Organization, Geneva,

Switzerland. The World Health Organization welcomes such

applications.

The designations employed and the presentation of the

material in this publication do not imply the expression of any

opinion whatsoever on the part of

the Secretariat of the World Health Organization concerning

the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its

authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or

boundaries.

The mention of specific companies or of certain

manufacturers: products does not imply that they are

endorsed or recommended by the World Health

Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that

are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the

names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial

capital letters.

PRINTED IN SWITZERLAND

85/6641 - Schüler SA - 10 000

92/9137 - Schüler SA - 3000

93/9866 - Schüler SA - 5000

INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL GUIDE FOR SHIPS

Contents

Preface

Introduction. How to use the guide

vii

1 First aid

2 Toxic hazards of chemicals, including poisoning

3 Examination of the patient

4 Care of the injured

5 General nursing care

6 Communicable diseases

123

7 Sexually transmitted diseases

147

8 Other diseases and medical problems

159

9 Diseases of fishermen

243

10 Pregnancy and women's medical problems

249

11 Childbirth

253

12 Medical care of castaways and rescued persons

259

13 Death at sea

271

14 External assistance

277

15 Environmental control on board ship

283

16 Disease prevention

297

17 Advice on medicines

303

18 List of medicines

309

19 Surgical equipment, instruments, and supplies

333

Annex 1 Anatomy and physiology

341

Annex 2 Regions of the body

349

Annex 3 Weights and measures and their approximate

equivalents

351

Annex 4 Medical report form for seafarers

352

Annex 5 Disinfection procedures

354

Annex 6 Joint ILO/WHO Committee on the Health of

Seafarers

356

Index

359

INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL GUIDE FOR SHIPS

PREFACE

Preface

Over 20 years have passed since the first edition of the

International Medical Guide for Ships (IMGS) was

published by the World Health Organization. During

this time, it has served the international seafaring

community well.

Scientific progress and developments in seafaring

during the last decade have made it necessary to revise

and update the guide. In September 1981, the Joint

ILO/WHO Committee on the Health of Seafarers met

in Geneva to review its technical content in detail and

discuss the necessary changes. The Committee

included representatives of the Inter-Governmental

Maritime Consultative Organization (now the In-

ternational Maritime Organization), of seafarers and of

shipowners, experts on maritime medicine, and staff

members of ILO and WHO. A list of the participants

will be found in Annex 6.

Because it was important to have the revised version

of the guide as soon as possible, it was decided to base

it on recently published and updated national medical

guides for ships.

The publishers of those guides have kindly made texts

and illustrations available to WHO thus greatly

reducing the time required to prepare the revised text.

Thanks are due particularly to the United Kingdom

Department of Trade and the United States

Department of Health and Human Services, Public

Health Service, for their contributions. Crown

captain's medical guide 1 is used with the permission

of the Controller of Her Britannic Majesty's Stationery

Office. Material from The ship's medicine chest and

medical aid at sea 2 was made available to WHO by

the Office of the Surgeon General, United States

Department of Health and Human Services, Public

Health Service.

The updating of the guide began shortly after the joint

ILO/WHO Committee meeting. The draft sections of

the updated text were later reviewed by the relevant

units and divisions at WHO Headquarters.

The general layout of the guide has been changed

from that of the first edition, to make it easier for

non-medical persons responsible for the health of

people on board ship to find advice on how to deal

with emergencies without delay.

Conditions requiring immediate first aid are dealt

with in Chapter 1, the pages of which are colour

marked.

This chapter is followed by one on the toxic hazards

of chemicals carried on board ship, in which there are

cross-references to the Medical first aid guide for use

in accidents involving dangerous goods 3 published

by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) on

behalf of ILO, IMO, and WHO. This is the Chemicals

Supplement to the present guide and must be

available on board all ships that carry, or might carry,

dangerous cargo.

The approach, used in the first edition, of grouping

diseases in chapters based on systems: respiratory,

digestive, nervous, etc. (as in a medical textbook) has

been changed. For easy reference, about 60 diseases

and medical problems have been selected (e.g.,

abdominal pain, chest pain, colds, cough, headache,

and high temperature), arranged in alphabetical order,

and described in a single chapter (Chapter 8).

Because of the increased employment of women on

ships, a chapter on pregnancy and women's medical

problems has been added. Other new chapters

included in the revised guide deal with the medical

care of castaways and rescued

1 DEPARTMENT OF TRADE. The ship captain's medical guide.

London, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1983.

2 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, PUBLIC

HEALTH SERVICE, OFFICE OF THE SURGEON GENERAL. The

ship's medicine chest and medical aid at sea. Washington, DC, US

Government Printing Office, 1984 (DHHS Publication No. (PHS) 84-

2024).

3 Medical first aid guide for use in accidents involving dangerous

goods. London, International Maritime Organization, 1985.

Plik z chomika:

Inne pliki z tego folderu:

Inne foldery tego chomika: