tips tool_selection.pdf

Selecting Tools

What tools do I need?

Prior to purchasing tools, it is important to determine what types of turning you

want to be able to do. If turning bowls is your primary interest you will want to

choose only tools necessary for turning bowls and similar projects. Likewise, if you

want a set of tools that will cover both spindle and bowl turning, it will require

more tools and a slightly larger budget. In order to make it easier to choose the

correct tools for the job, we have listed the types of available tools below and a

description of how they are used. This does not mean you need each of the tools

listed below, it is simply a description of the tool and its use. Among the many

brands of tools we offer, you will find recommended sets.

Roughing Gouges

Designed primarily for taking square spindle stock down to round. The deep, wide

flute of the tool allows rapid removal of stock and allows heavy cuts. Recommended

primarily for spindle turning. In most cases, a 3/4" roughing gouge is the recom-

mended first choice.

What steels are tools made from?

Today’s woodturning tools are produced primarily from two types of tool steel, M2

and ASP series. M2 High Speed steel is the industry standard and holds an edge

6 times longer than carbon steel tools. Unlike carbon steel, M2 High Speed steel

maintains its edge holding ability even when "bluing" the edge during grinding. Tools

manufactured from M2 are relatively inexpensive and offer good value. ASP series

steel is a relative newcomer to the woodturning industry. The edge holding ability

of tools manufactured from ASP series steel is 3 to 4.5 times that of M2 High Speed

steel. Although ASP series tools can be expensive, these tools last many times

longer than M2 and are an excellent investment.

Scrapers

At times, scrapers are essential, particularly for interior clean-up work after the gouge

work has been completed. Most bowls, boxes, goblets and scoops benefit from light

scraping cuts completing the final shaping and improving the surface. Scrapers vary

widely in shape and size. Many are ground to unusual shapes to aid in specific types

of work such as reaching inside the narrow opening of a hollow form. "Shear" scraping

can provide a smoother than normal surface by tilting the scraper on its edge to create

a "shearing" cut. All scrapers require a burr edge to do the cutting similar to a cabinet

scraper used on cabinetry. When the burr is gone, it needs to be re-sharpened. For a

first scraper, we recommend a thick scraper (preferrably 1" wide by 3/8" thick) with a

"french curve" or radius shape on the end.

How are gouges measured?

Spindle Gouges- are measured by the diameter of the round stock.

Bowl Gouges- are measured by the width of the flute. Add 1/8" diameter to the

flute size and you will have the diameter of the round stock.

Exceptions- Oneway Mastercut tools are measured by the diameter of the round stock.

Parting Tools

A parting tool is a must for most woodturners. It is used to part off the waste, estab-

lish diameter or cut small flat areas. We recommend the Diamond Parting Tool, as

the side clearance permits deep cuts with a minimal amount of drag on the tool. A

thin kerf parting tool is recommended for box turning.

Bowl Gouges

Deep fluted bowl gouges are easier to control and will remove wood faster than shal-

low, spindle type gouges when turning bowls. We recommend a 1/2" Bowl Gouge

as the first choice when getting started turning bowls. Use the same gouge for rough

turning the bowl as well as finish turning. We highly recommend a good scraper

to "clean-up" the interior surface after you’re finished with the gouge. You can add

other sizes of bowl gouges to your collection as needed.

Skew Chisels

The skew is essential for cutting beads and round areas on spindle work. Properly

used, the skew will produce smooth surfaces on boxes, goblets, scoops, etc. Skews

with a rounded top and bottom edge are recommended. We recommend a 1/2" or

3/4" skew chisel for your first skew.

Spindle Gouges

Although shallow fluted gouges are generally referred to as "spindle" gouges, they are

also used for general purpose turning including twig pots, shallow bowls or boxes,

detail work, pens, and other smaller work. We recommend a 1/2" Spindle Gouge

as the first choice with the 3/8" the next. You can add other sizes and variations of

spindle gouges depending on your needs.

(Formed Beading Tool)

(Beading Tool)

(Fluted Beading Tool)

Bead Forming Tools

There are several variations of tools made specifically for cutting beads. Formed bead-

ing tools are ground to cut a specific size of bead when used. Fluted beading tools are

used with the fluted section of the flute in the downward position with the tool tilted

downward from the work piece. Beading tools that do not cut a pre-determined bead

size are a rectangular shape tool with a long bevel on the end. This is a shearing tool

and is used in a similar manner to a skew. If you find yourself frequently cutting beads,

you may want consider one of these types of tools.

Detail Gouges

A very popular tool today, the detail gouge features a long, fingernail point with a

shallow flute and heavy cross section that allows turners to reach well beyond the

tool rest without the associated vibration caused by thinner tools. It is used for cut-

ting fine detail on beads, decorative grooves and other detail work on bowls and

spindles. A 3/8" or 7/16" size is preferred by most turners.

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