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LEARN
FRENCH
BY PODC AST
AUDIO PODCASTS
FOR LEARNERS
OF FRENCH
Lesson
43
AS A FOREIGN
LANGUAGE
“Damn!
I’ve broken it…”
Plus Publications
Bramley
Douglas Road
Cork
Ireland
(t) 353-(0)21-4847444
(f ) 353-(0)21-4847675
(e) editor@learnfrenchbypodcast.com
(i) www.learnfrenchbypodcast.com
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Lesson 43 : Thursday, January 25th, 2007
Level : intermediate. “Damn! I’ve broken it…”
“Est-ce que je pourrais [+ verb]” : [“Could I [have]?”]
une vitrine / être décoré de : [window, display cabinet / to be decorated with]
“Merde!” / “Zut” : [sh*t! / damn!]
falloir + subjunctive : [to be necessary to]
être cher / être bon marché : [to be expensive / to be cheap]
Hello, and welcome back to LFBP. My name is Hugh Nagle
and with me is Amélie Verdier. Bonjour Amélie.
Bonjour  !
Note
je pourrais avoir
[= … could I have ?…]
In this lesson, we’re going to deal with an unfortunate
situation : we’re in a shop, we pick up something to take
a look at it and … crash ! … we drop it. Let’s see how the
conversation might go with the shop assistant.
Est-ce que  je pourrais avoir  ce verre qui est dans la 
vitrine ?
Oui, bien sûr .
(La vendeuse donne le verre au client.)
Tenez .
Merci.
(Le client laisse échapper le verre qui tombe par
terre.)
Oh,  merde  ! Enin,  je veux dire  zut ! Je l’ai cassé ! Je 
suis vraiment désolé !
Il va falloir que vous le payiez maintenant !
Bon, je n’ai pas le choix. C’est combien ?
10 euros.
10 euros ? C’est cher pour des bouts de verre !
Here’s that powerful combination once again:
the verb pouvoir , followed by the ininitive of a
second verb.
In this case, pouvoir is in the Conditional:
[“Could I…?”]
pouvoir (to be able)
au présent au conditionnel
je peux je pourr ais*
tu peux tu pourr ais*
il / elle / on peut il / elle / on pourr ait*
nous pouvons nous pourr ions
vous pouvez vous pourr iez
ils / elles peuvent ils / elles pourr aient*
* Note that, despite the spelling, these parts of the verb
all sound exactly the same!
Note
Note
Il va falloir (que) …
[= It is going to be necessary (to)…]
The verb falloir requires that the verb which follows be in
the subjunctive form:
Il va falloir que vous le pay i ez
[It’s going to be necessary that you pay for it…]
Bien s û r !
Watch the accent on the adjective sûr which means
sure , ‘ safe , etc.
Without that accent we have the preposition sur ’ which
means ‘ on ’!
Note
Je veux dire zut…
au présent d’indicatif au présent du subjonctif
je paie que je paie
tu paies que tu paies
il / elle / on paie qu’ il / elle / on paie
nous payons que nous pay i ons
vous payez que vous pay i ez
ils / elles paient qu’ ils / elles paient
Note, in the case of “ –er ” (1st group) verbs, the similarity
between the Indicative and Subjunctive forms. Watch the ‘nous’
and ‘vous’ parts, however, for the distinctive endings.
Note
vouloir dire = to mean
(i.e. to signify)
Tenez !
[= Here [you are] !]
Literally, it equates to
“to want to say”.
This is the verb tenir . It has many meanings
to hold, to keep, to last, to run (a store), to
(with)stand, etc. In this context, someone is being
asked to hold (onto) something.
Consider the following:
Qu’est-ce qu’il veut
dire?
[What does he mean?]
tenir – to hold
je tiens
tu tiens
il / elle / on tient
nous tenons
vous tenez
ils / elles tiennent
‘Luas’ est un mot
irlandais qui veut dire
“vitesse”.
[‘Luas’ is an Irish word
which means “speed”.]
Note
Where you see
this symbol …
Merde !
This expletive is often approximated to the English
Sh*t!
The English equivalent, however, has a more vulgar
‘feel’ and is more ofensive than “Merde!”
On the “ofensiveness” scale, ‘Zut!’ is the gentlest of
all of the above.
… it’s your turn
to repeat what
you’ve heard.
Then we’ll
repeat once
more.
Qu’est-ce que tout
cela veut dire?
[What does all that
mean?]
past participle : tenu
Tenir is conjugated in the same way as venir , devenir ,
etc.
© Plus Publications, 2006. All rights reserved.
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Lesson 43 : Thursday, January 25th, 2007
Level : intermediate. “Damn! I’ve broken it…”
“Est-ce que je pourrais [+ verb]” : [“Could I [have]?”]
une vitrine / être décoré de : [window, display cabinet / to be decorated with]
“Merde!” / “Zut” : [sh*t! / damn!]
falloir + subjunctive : [to be necessary to]
être cher / être bon marché : [to be expensive / to be cheap]
And one more time …
Est-ce que je pourrais avoir ce verre qui est dans la 
vitrine ?
Oui, bien sûr.
(La vendeuse donne le verre au client.)
Tenez.
Merci.
(Le client laisse échapper le verre qui tombe par
terre.)
Oh, merde ! Enin, je veux dire zut !  Je l’ai cassé !  Je 
suis vraiment désolé !
Il va falloir que vous le payiez maintenant !
Bon, je n’ai pas le choix. C’est combien ?
10 euros.
10 euros ? C’est cher pour des bouts de verre !
Note
Le client laisse échapper le verre…
[= literally, the customer allows the glass to
escape. That is, he drops it.]
Note, the formula in French:
the verb laisser – in the Present – is followed by
the ininitive of a second verb – échapper .
In the past we would ind:
Je l’ ai laissé échapper .
Note
“Est-ce que
je pourrais
[avoir]” …
First, the customer asked to see an item in a display
cabinet. Let’s hear that question …
Est-ce que je pourrais avoir ce verre qui est dans la 
vitrine ? 
Est-ce que je pourrais avoir ce verre qui est dans la 
vitrine ?
Je l’ ai cassé.
[= I broke it .]
Note, once again, the preceding direct object
pronoun “ l’ which refers to the masculine noun
le verre .
une vitrine /
“ …dans la vitrine” – that’s “in the display cabinet”.
Now, “une vitrine” can refer, also, to a shop window.
During Hallowe’en, that takes place during the traditional
Catholic feast”, la fête de la Toussaint”, and which French
people call “Halloween”, one might say “the windows are
decorated with lanterns”. How would we say that ?
Les vitrines sont décorées de lanternes. 
Les vitrines sont décorées de  lanternes.
être décoré de
Note
Les vitrines sont décoré es de …
[= The windows are decorated with …]
To come back to the original conversation, let’s see how
the customer reacted when he dropped the item.
Oh merde ! Enin, je veux dire zut !
Note the feminine plural ending on the
adjective, corresponding to the feminine plural
noun – les vitrines.
“Merde!” /
“Zut!”
Note, also, that the expression “ decorated
with ” = “ décoré de ” in French.
Now, it’s important to realise that the exclamation “merde”
is very common in French. In fact, it’s not a very “serious”
expletive.
The customer recovered the situation with an even
softer expletive. We heard :
Enin je veux dire zut ! 
Enin je veux dire zut !
… “In fact, I mean ‘Damn !’” …
Where you see
this symbol …
… it’s your turn
to repeat what
you’ve heard.
Then we’ll
repeat once
more.
© Plus Publications, 2006. All rights reserved.
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Lesson 43 : Thursday, January 25th, 2007
Level : intermediate. “Damn! I’ve broken it…”
“Est-ce que je pourrais [+ verb]” : [“Could I [have]?”]
une vitrine / être décoré de : [window, display cabinet / to be decorated with]
“Merde!” / “Zut” : [sh*t! / damn!]
falloir + subjunctive : [to be necessary to]
être cher / être bon marché : [to be expensive / to be cheap]
falloir +
subjunctive
Though the customer apologised, the assistant wasn’t
so forgiving. She said it would have to be paid for. We
heard …
Il va falloir que vous le payiez … 
Il va falloir que vous le payiez …
Note
Il va falloir que vous le pay i ez
In fact, the pronunciation of the subjunctive
form – vous pay i ez – is very close to the
Present Indicative form – vous pay ez .
After the expression “Il faut que …” or, in this case “Il va
falloir que …” – It’s going to be necessary to …” – we need
the Subjunctive Mood. It’s a special form of the verb. If we
listen carefully, we’ll hear that subjunctive :
… que vous le payiez 
… que vous le payiez
In the case of other “ –er ” verbs, like those
below, the pronuncation is more distinctive:
… que vous cherch i ez
… que vous considér i ez
… que vous donn i ez
If the assistant said : “you’re going to have to buy it”, we
would hear :
Il va falloir que vous l’achetiez …
… que vous l’achetiez …
Again, we can hear that subjunctive form.
être cher /
être bon marché
Now, in a resigned way, the customer said “10 euros is
expensive for a few bits of broken glass !” The expression
“It’s expensive …” is :
C’est cher. 
C’est cher.
The opposite – “it’s cheap” – would be :
C’est bon marché. 
C’est bon marché.
Ok. Now don’t forget the accompanying Lesson Guide
available from our website at www.learnfrenchbypodcast.
com. It contains a lot of additional information which will
help make sense everything.
Let’s hear that dialogue one more time …
Where you see
this symbol …
… it’s your turn
to repeat what
you’ve heard.
Then we’ll
repeat once
more.
© Plus Publications, 2006. All rights reserved.
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Lesson 43 : Thursday, January 25th, 2007
Level : intermediate. “Damn! I’ve broken it…”
“Est-ce que je pourrais [+ verb]” : [“Could I [have]?”]
une vitrine / être décoré de : [window, display cabinet / to be decorated with]
“Merde!” / “Zut” : [sh*t! / damn!]
falloir + subjunctive : [to be necessary to]
être cher / être bon marché : [to be expensive / to be cheap]
Est-ce que je pourrais avoir ce verre qui est dans la 
vitrine ?
Oui, bien sûr.
(La vendeuse donne le verre au client.)
Tenez.
Merci.
(Le client laisse échapper le verre qui tombe par
terre.)
Oh, merde ! Enin, je veux dire zut ! Je l’ai cassé ! Je 
suis vraiment désolé !
Il va falloir que vous le payiez maintenant !
Bon, je n’ai pas le choix. C’est combien ?
10 euros.
10 euros ? C’est cher pour des bouts de verre !
Vocab extra !
• avoir.......................to have
• bien sûr..................certainly
• bon ........................good
• bout (m) ................end, piece
• casser.....................to break
• ce ...........................this
• cela ........................that
• chercher.................to look for
• choix (m) ...............choice
• client (m) ...............customer
• combien? ...............how much?
• considérer ..............to consider
• dans.......................in
• désolé, être ~ ........to be sorry
• devenir ..................to become
• dire ........................to say
• donner ...................to give
• enin ......................in fact, inally
• irlandais.................Irish
• marché, bon ~.......cheap
• merci .....................thank you
• merde! ...................sh*t!
• mot (m) .................word
• oui .........................yes
• pouvoir ..................to be able
• tenir.......................to hold
• tout........................all
• vendeuse (f ) ..........sales assistant
• venir ......................to come
• verre (m)................glass
• vitesse (f )...............speed
• vitrine (f ) ...............display
cabinet, shop window
• vouloir ...................to wish,
to want
• vraiment ................really, truly
Until next time !
A la prochaine.
If you understood our lesson, then you should be able to translate …
1. 
He broke them.
2. 
She is very sorry.
3. 
He is going to have to pay for them.
4. 
He is going to have to buy them.
5. 
We are going to have to reserve them.
6. 
We don’t have any choice!
See how you have fared in the exercise above by clicking on the graphic.
(Note that we wait a few days after a lesson has been released before posting
the answers to exercises on our website.)
© Plus Publications, 2006. All rights reserved.
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