Mark Dvoretsky The Inst20.Pdf

The Instructor

In Search of Chess Truth

The Instructor

Mark Dvoretsky

In the games which I prepare as exercises for my

students, the published notes more often than not seem

unconvincing to me. So I have to analyze them myself,

modifying and in some cases totally rethinking the

course of play in the game under consideration. But

however attentively and seriously the trainer might

prepare, during class time my students usually suggest

some new and interesting ideas.

I invite my readers to try their strength in a creative

attempt to find chess truth. You have before you three

impressive episodes from the games of Rudolf

Spielmann, which he analyzed in his famous book,

Richtig Opfern! . You must modify, or in some cases

even refute, some of the grandmaster’s conclusions. The

exercises are very difficult, not intended so much for

solving, as for independent analysis (that is, you may

move the pieces).

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1. Black stands actively,

but he must consider the

threatened Rxd6. On

23...Qc2, White has a good

reply in 24 Rd2; therefore,

Spielmann played

23...a5!? , deflecting

White’s queen from b4. If

24 Qd2, then 24...Qc5,

intending a rook invasion

E-

Mail:

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The Instructor

at f2. White must choose between 24 Qxa5 and 24 Qc3

Qc5 (after protecting the d6-pawn, Black wishes to fix

the queen’s wing by 25...a4) 25 b4. Which would you

prefer?

2. Black to move. Evaluate

the consequences of the

spectacular center break

17...d5.

3. Black to move. Much as

in the previous game,

Spielmann decided to

break in the center with

12...e5. What do you think

of it?

Solutions

1. Rubinstein - Spielmann (San Sebastian, 1912)

The right choice turns out to be the coldblooded pawn

snatch.

24 Qb4xa5! Qf2-c2

The move Spielmann intended, as 24...Qxb2 would

allow White a more favorable queen exchange by 25

Rd2 Qb3 26 Qb4.

25 Rd3-d2!

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25 Qc3? would be a mistake (as would 25 Rxd6?)

because of 25...Bxe4! After 25 Qd2 Qxc4, Black has

the unpleasant threat of 26...Rf2.

25...Qc2xc4 26 Rd2xd6!

Right! White loses after 26 Qc3? Rf1+! 27 Bxf1 Rxf1+

28 Kg2 Qxc3 29 bc Rxe1. But now Black can play

neither 26...Rf1+? 27 Bxf1 Rxf1+ 28 Kg2, nor

26...Bxe4? 27 Bxe4 Rf1+ 28 Kg2. White has an extra

pawn, and is ready to simplify the position with 27 Rd8.

In the game, Akiba Rubinstein made an unfortunate

choice, allowing his opponent to execute a brilliant

combination.

24 Qc3?! Qc5 25 b4 Bxe4!!

The queen is of course

untouchable, in view of

26...Rf1+ and mates. On 26

Bxe4!?, Spielman gives

26...Rf1+ 27 Rxf1 Rxf1+ 28

Kg2 Rg1+ 29 Kf3 Qh5+ 30

Ke3 Qxh2. “The analysis of

this position would make a

wholly satisfying study.

From the practical point of

view, which is our only guide when examining real

sacrifices, only a general assessment of the position is

possible; and that assessment, in my opinion, must favor

Black. He who would not play Black to win in such a

position, can hardly expect to go far in the area of

sacrifices.” (Spielmann)

Young Sasha Ryazantsev has shown that with 30 Kf4!

(instead of 30 Ke3), White can save himself. 30...Qh6+

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The Instructor

31 Kg4 is useless to Black; and in the variations 30...g5+

31 Ke3 Qxh2 32 Qf6! Re1+ 33 Kd4 Qb2+ 34 Rc3 Qd2+

35 Rd3; 30...e5+ 31 Ke3 Qh6+ 32 Kf3 Qxh2 33 Bd5+

Kf8 34 Ke4 Qe2+ 35 Re3 (35 Kf5? Ke7!) 35...Qg4+ 36

Kd3 Qd1+ 37 Ke4!, or 30...Rc1 31 Qd2! (31 Qxc1

Qh6+; 31 Qb3 Re1!) 31...Rxc4 32 Ke3! Qe5 33 Rd4

Qg5+ 34 Kf3 Qf6+ 35 Ke3, Black must accept a

perpetual check.

White also had at his disposal the clever defense 26

Rf3!? (intending to answer 26...Rxf3 with 27 Qxf3!).

According to Spielmann’s analysis, play might then

proceed as follows: 26...ab 27 ab Qc6 28 b5 (28 Rxe4?

Qxe4 29 Rxf7 Qb1+) 28...Rxf3 29 Qxf3! Bxf3 30 bc

Bxg2+ 31 Kxg2 bc 32 Rxe6 Rf6 33 Re7. Black has an

extra pawn in a rook endgame, but White retains drawing

chances.

We have now established that, objectively speaking,

Black’s combination should not have led to a win. But it

did set White some very complicated problems, which

Rubinstein was not able to cope with.

26 Rxe4? Rf1+ 27 Bxf1 Rxf1+ 28 Kg2 Qf2+ 29 Kh3

Rh1!

29...Qf5+ 30 Kg2 would have been pointless. Now,

however, Black threatens that check, since the king can

no longer retreat to g2, because then the queen mates at

f1. White is lost, in spite of his extra rook.

30 Rf3 Qxh2+ 31 Kg4 Qh5+ 32 Kf4 Qh6+ 33 Kg4 g5!

34 Rxe6 (there is no other defense against 34...Qh5#)

34...Qxe6+ 35 Rf5 (35 Kxg5 h6+ 36 Kf4 Re1! doesn’t

help) 35...h6 (intending Kh7-g6; another way to win was

35...Qe4+ 36 Kxg5 h6+ 37 Kf6 Re1!) 36 Qd3 Kg7 37

Kf3 (37 Qd5 h5+ 38 Kf3 Rf1+) 37...Rf1+ 38 Qxf1

Qxf5+ 39 Kg2 Qxf1+ 40 Kxf1 ab 41 ab Kf6 42 Kf2 h5

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The Instructor

White resigned.

2. Mieses - Spielmann (3rd Match Game, Regensburg

1910)

In the game, after 17...d5 , White resolved to accept all

the material his opponent was sacrificing: 18 ed Bxd5!!

19 cd Qxd5 . Commenting on this situation, Spielmann

wrote:

“Now we can assess the results of the sacrifice: Black is

a piece down (the doubled pawn can hardly be taken into

account!); however, thanks to the two open central files,

he has considerably outstripped his opponent in

development; his threats against the d3 bishop and the g2

pawn prevent White from castling; indeed, White must

lose yet another tempo, unless he wishes to play 20

Bxh7+ and 21 0-0, settling for complete equality. It is

most improbable that White would not try to refute the

sacrifice; consequently, Black can count on a powerful

attack against the stranded enemy king in the center.

Such, approximately, were the considerations, based

upon which I decided to sacrifice. Only an

incontrovertible belief in the strength of my position and

the irrefutable principles of development drove me to

this sacrifice, since I know of no similar example, even

today, of such a breakthrough. I believed that, despite his

extra piece, White would find it very difficult to defend

against a preponderance of force, even a preponderance

in only a limited area of the board, and that this

circumstance would at the very least lead to the loss of

several of White’s pawns. The game’s further course

shows - at least from a practical standpoint - that my

suppositions were entirely correct.”

20 Qg3 Rfe8+ 21 Be2 Rbd8 22 Nc3 (22 Kf1 Rxe2+! 23

Kxe2 Qc4+! 24 Ke1 Re8+) 22...Qd2+ 23 Kf1 Nd5

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