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Basic
Photographic
Materials
and
Processes
SECOND EDITION
Leslie Stroebel
John Compton
Ira Current
Richard Zakia
Focal Press
Boston Oxford Auckland Johannesburg Melbourne New Delhi
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Focal Press is an imprint of Butterworth–Heinemann.
Copyright © 2000 by Leslie Stroebel, John Compton, Ira Current, and Richard Zakia.
A member of the Reed Elsevier group
All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or
otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.
Recognizing the importance of preserving what has been written,
Butterworth–Heinemann prints its books on acid-free paper whenever possible.
Butterworth–Heinemann supports the efforts of American Forests and the
Global ReLeaf program in its campaign for the betterment of trees, forests, and
our environment.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Basic photographic materials and processes / Leslie Stroebel . . . [et al.].—2nd ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-240-80405-8 (pbk. : alk. paper)
1. Photography. I. Stroebel, Leslie D.
TR145 .B25 2000
771—dc21
99-054515
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
The publisher offers special discounts on bulk orders of this book.
For information, please contact:
Manager of Special Sales
Butterworth–Heinemann
225 Wildwood Avenue
Woburn, MA 01801-2041
Tel: 781-904-2500
Fax: 781-904-2620
For information on all Focal Press publications available, contact our World Wide Web
home page at: http://www.focalpress.com
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Printed in the United States of America
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Contents
Katrin Eismann. © Katrin Eismann 1998. http://www.photoshopdiva.com. An homage to the experience, growth, and memories of an eight-
country tour in the Asian-Pacific region. Components captured with professional digital and film cameras in Los Angeles, CA.
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iv BASIC PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS AND PROCESSES
Preface
v
1
Light and Photometry
1
2
Camera and Printing Exposure
31
3
Variability and Quality Control in Photography
71
4
Photographic Sensitometry
85
5
Photographic Optics
133
6
Chemistry for Photographers
177
7
Photographic Emulsions, Films, and Papers
187
8
Black-and-White Photographic Development
213
9
Post-Developmental and Archival
Considerations
225
10
Tone Reproduction
235
11
Micro-Image Evaluation
257
12
Visual Perception
279
13
Filters
301
14
Color
319
15
Color Reproduction
335
16
Digital Photography
357
Appendixes
387
A: Conversion Units and Scales
B: Exposures, Depth of Field, Zone System, and
Film Speed Information
C: Calculations and Basic Logarithms
Bibliography
399
Index
401
 
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