Questions
· Are all the interrogative constructions in Polish and English requests for information?
Example: Could you pass me the salt, please? - __________________________________
General questions:
· Comment on the construction of general questions in Polish and English.
Will Mary be at school tomorrow? ______________________________________________
Do you live here? ______________________________________________
· Comment on the use of the question marker in embedded questions.
Powiedz czy ona już skończyła. ______________________________________________
Specific questions
· What rules are involved in the derivation of specific questions in English and Polish? Provide the possible translations.
What did John say? ______________________________________________
What will your parents do? ______________________________________________
· Comment on the use of prepositional phrase as a question element.
Od kogo to dostałeś? ______________________________________________
· Comment on the position of –“wh” elements in English in the translations of the following Polish sentences.
Czyje przynosłeś wypracowanie? ______________________________________________
Jakiego to jest koloru? ______________________________________________
Kto komu to powiedział? __________________________________________________________
· Comment on the form of interrogative pronouns in Polish and English.
Where did you go? _______________________________________________________________
The place where we went was very nice. ______________________________________________
· Translate the following Polish interrogative pronouns into English and comment on the differences
skąd -____, odkąd - ____, którędy-____, ile - ____, komu - ____
Komu kupiłeś te kwiaty? __________________________________________________________
Other question types: Echo questions
She wrote that poem? ______________________________________________________
· Comment on the change of meaning caused by the change of word order in the following sentences. Translate the questions into English and comment on their meaning.
Ojciec ma pieniądze? __________________, Ma ojciec pieniądze? ____________________
Będzie Zosia zdawać egzamin? ______________, Zosia będzie zdawać egzamin? ________________
Other question types: Tag questions
· Comment on the Polish counterparts (formal and informal) of the following English question tags.
He has been drinking, hasn’t he? __________________________________________________
They didn’t come, did they? ______________________________________________________
She dances well, doesn’t she? _____________________________________________________
Negation
The differences between sentence negation in Polish and English.
A Pre-verbal or pre-auxiliary position of the Polish negative particle versus post-auxiliary position of not in English.
Nie mogę biegać. ______________________, Oni nie przyszli _______________________
B Lack of “do” support rule in Polish.
On nie wiedział. ______________________________
C Double negation
Nigdy tam nie pójdę. ____________________ Nie mam żadnych pieniędzy. ____________________
Nie widziałem nigdy Jacka. _______________ Nigdy nikomu o tym nie powiem. _________________
· Comment on the ambiguity of the sentence in English.
I will force you to marry no one. ____________________________________
· Provide translations of the following sentences and comment on the similarity and contrast between them.
I do not think that he could do it. ______________I think that he couldn’t do it. ________________
Czy nie mógłbyś mi pomóc? __________________, The child cried until his mother came. _________
Absolute negation
Negative reaction to a preceding yes/no statement.
Tom has done it. – No, he has not. _________________________________________
· Say whether the sentences express agreement or disagreement
He does not want to work. - No, he does not.
He wants to work. – No, he does not.
On chce pracować. – Nie on nie chce.
On nie chce pracować – Nie, on chce.
Other types of negation: Phrasal negation
· Comment on the use of adverbial expressions denoting a measure of time, distance or any other measurable property.
Not long ago, I bought an interesting book. ____________________
Not fifty meters away, we found the key. ________________________
Other types of negation: Lexical negation
· Provide the translation of the following adjectives containing negative particles.
niepewny - ______, niemożliwy ______, nieistniejący ______, bezwstydny _____, apolityczny _____
Negative proverbs – adverbs which function similarly to negative particles.
I can hardly see anything. ___________ The movie is hardly amusing. ________________________
He was nearly run over by a car. ___________________________
Other types of negation: Implied negation
I doubt that she met anyone. _________________________
· Provide the translation of the following implied negation English words.
hate - _______________, danger _____________, awkward _____________, upset _____________
NKJO_BYD_ANG