Munsell_Slides.pdf

T he Munsell Book of Color is arguably the irst

modern color model. It is based on the three

attributes of color: Hue Saturation and Value,

and was developed through careful color measurement.

Conceived by the American artist Albert H. Munsell

(1858-1918), it was described as a color order system in

1905 and published as an atlas of color samples in 1915.

(This was republished in 1929 as

the Munsell Book of Color.) The

Munsell was extensively revised

or “renotated” in the early 1940’s,

when it was adopted as the standard

color reference system in the USA.

Munsell’s system is based on the

2D hue circle.

Hue is the major organizing principal

behind Munsell’s system. Hue was

deined by Munsell as “the quality by

which we distinguish one color from

another.”

He selected ive principle colors:

red yellow

green blue purple

and ive intermediate colors:

yellow-red green-yellow

blue-green purple-blue red-purple

While the selection of colors in our hue

circle differ from Munsell’s, the same

principals can be applied. Munsell’s sys-

tem was created, in fact, to be ininitely

expandable.

Color Solids

Munsell’s system is described as a color solid or a three dimensional

color model. Many color theorists, scientists and artists have used

three dimensional models in order to explain the dynamics of color.

Three dimensional color solids such as these allow for the primary

aspects of color (hue, value and saturation) to be illustrated in a sin-

gle model rather than a series of unconnected charts.

Munsell originally conceived of

his color system as a sphere.

The qualities of the hues in the

Munsell system are very irregu-

lar, however, and are best de-

scribed visually by a solid such

as the one shown to the right.

This unusual shape has come to

be known as the Munsell color

tree.

Three views of the

Munsell Color Tree

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