Encyclopedia of Plastics Materials and Processes.pdf

PLASTICS MATERIALS

AND PROCESSES

A Concise Encyclopedia

PLASTICS MATERIALS

AND PROCESSES

A Concise Encyclopedia

Charles A. Harper

Technology Seminars, Inc.

Edward M. Petrie

Industry Consultant

A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION

Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.

Published simultaneously in Canada.

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:

Harper, Charles A.

Plastics materials and processes : a concise encyclopedia / Charles A. Harper,

Edward M. Petrie.

p. cm.

Includes index.

ISBN 0-471-45603-9 (cloth)

1. Plastics–Encyclopedias.

I. Petrie, Edward M.

II. Title.

TP1110.H42 2003

668.4 03–dc21

2003009475

Printed in the United States of America

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

CONTENTS

Preface

vii

Acknowledgments

Introduction

Dictionary of Terms

Appendices

613

Index

951

PREFACE

Plastics Materials and Processes: A Concise Encylopedia deﬁnes the important

concepts of the plastics industry in a single-volume encyclopedia. Materials,

processes, properties, test methods, and other information that is used commonly

throughout the industry are deﬁned without great involvement in detail and in a

manner that is straightforward and efﬁcient. This book is aimed at meeting the

needs of general managers, executives, purchasing and manufacturing personnel,

supervisors, engineers, students, and all others that are working in the ﬁeld of plas-

tics or have interest in these important materials. It is expected that in today’s robust

working environment the time burdens on these individuals are greater than ever.

When this limited time frame is coupled with the universe of exploding polymer

technology, the resulting pressures may make it difﬁcult to maintain an overall

grasp of the information required to efﬁciently perform.

The selection of information provided in this book has been made with a view

toward giving the reader an efﬁcient, intelligent overall insight without having to

wade through voluminous texts or handbooks in speciﬁc areas. It is not the purpose

of the book to provide an exhaustive treatise on any subject, as it is assumed that

the reader will consult more comprehensive and detailed texts, journals, and even

the producers of materials and processing equipment for such speciﬁc and in-

depth information. However, this book should make the journey to acquire such

information easier and more efﬁcient.

As the goal of this book is to provide a sourcebook of practical information for

all ranges of interest, its organization is aimed primarily at reader convenience. The

main body, therefore, consists of a concise encyclopedia of knowledge useful in

today’s plastics industry. It contains an extensive array of materials information and

property and performance data presented in an alphabetical format. In addition, it

presents all-important application guidelines, process method trade-offs, and design,

ﬁnishing, and performance criteria. It also summarizes chemical, structural, and

other basic polymer considerations.

This main body of information is preceded by a brief introduction to polymers and

plastics that may be used to provide the reader with a “glue” to hold the individual

snippets of information together. This initial section covers the nature of polymers,

and it offers an introduction to the material and process descriptions that follow.

After the encyclopedia, are several appendices containing valuable property data

and other detailed information. Here plastics and other materials commonly used

in the industry are compared to one another, and guidance is offered regarding

their processing methods and ﬁnal applications. Finally, there is a completely

vii

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