herb_booklet_2nd_edition.pdf

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Microsoft Word - Herb booklet 2nd edition 090605.doc
Useful Herbs for
Small Gardens
- Anna Brazier -
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Introduction
Herbs are useful strong-smelling plants. People all over the world have used herbs for
thousands of years for cooking, medicine or to make cosmetics such as soap, shampoo
and perfume. Some herbs can be dangerous if used in the wrong way. Make sure that you
know which plant should be used to treat which ailment and avoid eating or drinking any
herbs that are not on the list on page 3.
Most edible herbs and spices contain important vitamins and minerals, which help to
keep our bodies strong and healthy. Many edible herbs and spices can help to stimulate
the appetite and soothe sore mouths and throats. Herbal remedies can be used to help ease
symptoms of illnesses but they do not cure any illnesses (such as malaria, TB or illnesses
associated with AIDS) or conditions (such as high blood pressure). Like any medicine
they must be taken in small doses as prescribed by a herbalist. If you are seriously ill you
should always consult a doctor and tell him or her which herbs you want to use. Some
herbs can be harmful if taken with medicines, so please be sure to consult your doctor!
This book will give you simple useful information on how to grow herbs and to use them
safely. We will look at some useful Exotic herbs from other countries and wild herbs and
weeds that can be grown in urban areas in Zimbabwe.
Large herbs for edges of gardens or
containers
Comfrey
Fennel
Lavender
Mint
Oregano
Rosemary
Nasturtiums
Rue
Small herbs for planting in beds
Basil
Chillies
Chives
Dill
Garlic
Marjoram
Thyme
Amaranth
The uses of herbs
Repelling insects
Gardeners can grow herbs around the garden to help keep insects away from their crops.
Some herbs can be used to make sprays to kill or repel insects. Cutting the leaves of herbs
such as rosemary, lavender and basil and using the cut leaves for mulch around plant beds
helps to keep away crawling insects.
Some bushy herbs such as rosemary, lavender and fennel take up a lot of space. Plant
these around the edge of the garden, not in beds. Keep trimming the leaves of the plants
and using them for mulch. Plant mint and nasturtiums in containers rather than in beds as
they spread quickly.
Herbs can be grown in containers near windows to help repel flies and mosquitoes. Herbs
can be grown in containers near seedlings to protect them from pests.
Place dried herb leaves (especially lavender leaves or vetiver roots) at the back of food
cupboards or clothes cupboards to help repel ants and cockroaches and moths. To protect
stored seeds or grains from weevils mix them with dried herb leaves and wood ash.
Cooking
Herbs can be eaten raw or cooked, to add flavour to food. Some can be dried such as
rosemary, marjoram, basil, chilli. Others may be preserved in oil such as basil, garlic and
chilli. Fresh or lightly cooked herbs add flavour and extra vitamins and minerals to the
meal particularly vitamin C and calcium. Some herbs are used to make flavoured teas
such as mint, lemon verbena, and lemon grass.
Storage and drying
For home use: Cut bunches of herbs and tie the ends with string. Hang them upside down
in a dry, cool, dust-free place away from the sun. After one week bring the bunches down
and remove any tough stalks of stems. Store the dry herbs in clean dry containers. For
selling: dry herbs in layers of dry newspaper. This preserves their colour and avoids dust.
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Herbs you can eat or drink
Name
Edible part
Basil
leaves
Borage
leaves, flowers
Burnet
leaves
Calendula
flowers
Chamomile
flowers
Chervil
leaves
Chilli
Fruit
Chives
leaves
Coriander
leaves, seeds
Dill
leaves, seeds
Fennel
leaves, seeds
Garlic
bulb
Lemon grass
leaves
Lemon balm
leaves
Marjoram
leaves
Mint
leaves
Nasturtium
all parts
Oregano
leaves
Parsley
leaves
Rosemary
leaves
Rue
leaves
Sage
leaves
Tansy
leaves, flowers
Tarragon
leaves
Thyme
leaves
Verbena
leaves
Cosmetics
Some herbs can be used to make substances used to enhance the skin or hair. Many herbs
especially lavender, lemon grass, vetiver, geranium and rosemary are used for perfume,
The leaves may be soaked in boiling water to release the scented oils.
Medicine
Herbal remedies have been used for hundreds of years as home treatments for ailments.
Some of the medicines that we use today such as aspirin come from herbal remedies.
Remember herbs can help to keep you healthy by giving you important vitamins and
minerals. They can also help to sooth symptoms (such as sore throat and loss of appetite)
but they do not cure any diseases (such as AIDS or Malaria) or conditions (such as high
blood pressure or diabetes).
W ARNING
Like all medicines use herbs with care. Home-made herbal remedies have not been tested or
measured by doctors.
• Make sure that you use the correct herb for the illness.
• For serious conditions always see a qualified doctor.
• Do not apply herbal remedies in the eyes, ears, nose or vaginally.
• Do not eat or drink herbal remedies unless you are sure the plant is edible.
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• Do not eat or drink large quantities of herbal remedies.
• Avoid taking herbal remedies if you are pregnant or breast-feeding.
• Avoid herbal remedies if you are taking other medicines, especially anti-retroviral drugs.
The following are dangerous if eaten in large quantities:
Comfrey – may cause cancer if eaten in large amounts.
Wormwood – can cause stomach problems. Use only a few of the leaves or shoots. Do
not use repeatedly.
Pennyroyal – could be harmful to pregnant women.
Rue – can cause stomach problems. Use only a few of the leaves. Do not use repeatedly.
Garlic can interfere with the action of some drugs particularly certain Anti Retrovirals
(ARVs)

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