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Anglo-Saxon Teesside
Tees Archaeology
Anglo-Saxon
Teesside
Archaeological Booklet No. 1.
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Anglo-Saxon name-stone from Church Close, Hartlepool.
Front cover: An Anglo-Saxon Brooch from Norton.
Text prepared by Peter Rowe, Tees Archaeology © 2000.
First Printing August 2000 (1000 copies)
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Anglo-Saxon
Teesside
Contents
1
Who were the Saxons?
1-2
2
Settlements
3-5
3
Cemeteries
6-11
4
M en
12-15
5
Women
16-21
6
Technology
22-26
7
Trade
27
8
Religion
28-29
9
The end of Saxon England
30-31
Further Reading
Inside back cover
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Anglo-Saxon Teesside
1 Who were the Saxons?
The Anglo-Saxons invaded Br itain from Germanic Europe in
the 5 th century AD. Britain was part of the Roman Empire at
this time.
The Germanic invasion of Britain
The Venerable Bede who wrote the first history of England in
the 8 th century tells us that these Germanic invaders were
'Angles', 'Saxons' and 'Jutes'. The Jutes settled in the south-
east, in Kent and the Isle of Wight. The Saxons mostly in the
midlands with the Angles headin g up the north-east coast to
areas such as Teesside.
1
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Anglo-Saxon Teesside
The Romans erected defences against the Anglo- Saxon raiders.
They built Signal Stations along the south and east coast to
warn against attacks.
There was a signal station at Saltburn. It was one of a line on
the Yorkshire coast with others at Goldsborough, Ravenscar,
Scarborough and Filey.
A Roman Signal Station
Unfortunately the signal station at Saltburn has disappeared as
the cliff on which it stands has eroded away. Luckily part of
the site was excavated in 1910 before it completely vanished.
Amongst the finds was a stone well that included the r emains
of 14 people who may have died defending the site against
invasion. The bones included men and women and both the
young and old.
After 400 AD the Romans left Britain and the Anglo-Saxons
began to raid and settle in greater numbers.
2
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