Introduction To Martial Arts Aikido Handbook.pdf

INTRODUCTION TO MARTIAL ARTS – AIKIDO HANDBOOK

The following handbook is based on the Aikido of San Leandro Aikido Handbook, written by Pat

Hendricks and used with Permission. Pat Hendricks Sensei is a 6th degree black belt instructor of

Aikido. Pat Hendricks started her Aikido career in Monterey, California in 1975. She founded her

own dojo " Aikido of San Leandro ", in 1984 and today attracts students from all over the world.

Since 1977 she has traveled frequently to Japan for extended periods of time to study with her

teacher Morihito Saito Sensei, who holds the highest rank possible in Aikido. Saito Sensei has been

regarded by many has the foremost authority on Aikido as taught by the founder, Osensei. Saito

sensei recently passed away and his presence is missed by all. Pat Sensei is one of the highest-

ranking women in the world for Aikido and respected amongst all types of martial arts. She conducts

seminars in the U.S. and abroad,, works regularly with community service projects and conducts

special training sessions for groups such as the police and secret service. Pat Sensei holds the highest

degree possible in Aikido weapons certification. In addition to Aikido, Pat Sensei is a certified Yoga

instructor and passionately studies nutrition, holistic health, meditation and the mind-body

connection. Pat Sensei allows live-in, or “uchideshi” students at her dojo. For more information

about Pat Sensei or the uchideshi program visit her dojo on the web at:

http://www.entertrain.com/aikido.sanleandro/.

Pat Hendricks Sensei

THE FIVE PRINCIPLES OF AIKIDO

as taught by the founder Morihei Ueshiba

1. Aikido is the path which joins all paths of the universe throughout

eternity; it is the universal mind which contains all things and

unifies all things.

2. Aikido is the truth taught by the universe and must be applied to

our lives on this earth.

3. Aikido is the principle and the path which joins humanity with the

universal consciousness.

4. Aikido will come to completion when each individual, following his

or her true path, becomes one with the universe.

5. Aikido is the path of strength and compassion which leads to the

infinite perfection and ever-increasing glory of God.

(note by J. Sullivan: the reference to “God” by Ueshiba Sensei is not necessarily a

religious reference as much as a spiritual reference, as he believed in many forms of

Gods and did not feel that Aikido belonged to any religion).

Introduction to a History of Aikido

The following text was taken in part from: http://www.jinjapan.org/museum/aikido/about_ai.html

Aikido is a relatively new Japanese martial art with historic roots. The term “Aikido” can be

translated as “the way of blending with harmony” [“way” refers to the Zen component of Budo].

Aikido concentrates on immobilizing holds and twisting throws, causing the attacker's own

momentum and strength to work against him.

Aikido is derived from Jujutsu, the same system of weaponless self-defense from which Kano Jigoro

developed Judo. However, Aikido is considerably different in its incorporation of manipulative

holds not included in judo by Kano. While judo's main techniques are throwing, grappling, and

attacking vital points, the Aikido student concentrates on deflecting blows and checking offensive

attacks by meeting, rather than blocking, a blow, and redirecting the flow of an opponent's ki

(energy force), dissipating it, and then using joint manipulation (wrists elbows or shoulders) to turn

the opponent's ki against him until he is thrown or pinned.

A martial arts devotee trained in sword and spear techniques named Takeda Sokaku (1860-1943)

was the first to develop the techniques of Aikido’s forerunner, the Daito Aiki system of jujutsu.

Ueshiba Morihei (1883-1969), was considered to be the best student of Takeda and is credited with

the subsequent modern systematization of the martial art known as Aikido. Ueshiba Sensei, know

throughout the Aikido world as “Osensei”, developed Aikido based on Takeda's teaching and his

own extensive martial arts training, as well as religious experiences as a convert to the Omoto Shinto

sect. Osensei used the philosophy of the Omoto religion to add a component of peace and harmony

to a formally brutal martial art. Osensei felt that Aikido was a means to improve one’s spirituality

and promote peace on this earth by learning to blend with one’s opponent. Osensei’s Aikido

received public recognition in 1959, after Waseda University adopted Aikido as part of its physical

education curriculum.

Upon the death of Osensei, Aikido splintered into many different organizations such as Yoshinkai

(Shioda sensei) and Ki society (Tohei sensei). The student to have spent the greatest amount of time

training with Osensei was a man named Morihito Saito sensei. Saito sensei took over the Iwama

dojo and became caretaker of the Aiki Jinja (shrine) adjacent to the dojo upon the death of Osensei.

Osensei’s son, Kishomura, took over the main dojo in Tokyo refered to as headquarters or “Hombu

dojo”. Hombu dojo remains the worldwide headquarters of Aikido and is currently run by Osensei’s

grandson, Moriteru – refered to as “Doshu”. Saito Sensei has recently passed on and the Iwama dojo

is currently run by his son Hitohiro Sensei.

Students training in Aikido practice training forms on an opponent, alternatively taking the roles of

attacker [uke] and defender [nage]. Because of this style, there is fundamentally no competition in

Aikido, only demonstrations. However, ranks are attained in a process similar to Judo.

Aikido is extremely popular both in Japan and overseas since it does not require great physical

strength, and can be practiced equally effectively by women and the elderly.

An Aikido Chronology

1883

Aikido Founder, Morihei Ueshiba is born December 14 in Tanabe, Wakayama

Prefecture, Japan.

1900-1920 Founder studies several schools of traditional martial arts.

1919

Meets O. Deguchi of the Omoto Sect in Ayabe, Kyoto.

1921

Kisshomaru Ueshiba (the second Doshu) born on June 27, in Ayabe.

1927

Founder moves to Tokyo with his family and begins teaching the "Way of Aiki" at

Shiba Shirogane, Tokyo.

1931

Opens Kobukan Practice Hall in Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku - site of present World

Headquarters.

1940

The Aikikai Foundation officially recognized by the Japanese government.

1940

Construction of outdoor practice facility planned in lwama - machi, Ibaraki

Prefecture.

1942

Name "Aikido" adopted; Kisshomaru Ueshiba named Head of the Kobukai

Foundation.

1943

Aiki Shrine at lwama - machi, Ibaraki Prefecture erected.

1947

Reorganization of the Kobukai Foundation into the Aikikai Foundation.

1948

K. Ueshiba becomes General Director of the Foundation's Headquarters dojo. In this

year the organizational base is laid for Aikido's subsequent growth.

1959

First issue of the Aikido Newspaper published.

1960

Founder receives the Shiju Hosho Medal.

1967

Construction of the new Headquarters Dojo begun; the City of Tokyo recognizes the

Aikido School; the Founder gives a demonstration in celebration of completion of the

new dojo and this proves to be the Founder's last public demonstration.

1969

The Founder passes away on April 26, at the age of 86. He posthumously receives the

Zuihosho Medal; K. Ueshiba assumes the title of Aikido Doshu; commemorative

demonstration given at the Budokan.

1974

International expansion stepped-up with the financial assistance of the Japan

Motorboat Racing Association. Headquarters chief instructor, K. Osawa, tours

Southeast Asian Aikikai organizations on a Friendship Mission; Establishment of

annual mission to Hong Kong, Thailand, Malaysia and Singapore. Establishment of

International Aikido Federation (IAF) and Ueshiba Doshu is named lifetime

President.

1976

Establishment of All Japan Aikido Federation; first General Meeting of the IAF held

in Tokyo-attended by 400 representatives from 29 countries.

1977

15th Annual All Japan Aikido Demonstration held at the Nippon Budokan with more

than 1000 participants -- established as an annual event.

1978

Second General Meeting of the IAF convened in Honolulu. Ueshiba Doshu and 2

others travel to South America. Moriteru Ueshiba and two others dispatched to the

Middle East by the Japan Foundation; thereafter an occasional event.

1979

First All Japan Children's Aikido Session held at the Nippon Budokan established as

an annual event.

1980

Two instructors dispatched to Papua New Guinea by the Japan Overseas Cooperation

Volunteers and annually thereafter. 3rd General Meeting of the IAF held in Paris.

1981

50th Anniversary of the establishment of the Aikido Headquarters celebrated at the

Keio Plaza Hotel.

1983

100th Anniversary of the Founder's birth celebrated at the 2lst All Japan Aikido

Demonstration and the Keio Plaza Hotel.

1984

IAF becomes a member of the GAISF.

1987

The Crown Prince and Princess of Norway visit Hombu Dojo.

1988

5th IAF General Meeting held in Tanabe, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan.

1989

Aikido demonstrated for the first time at the 3rd World Games held in Karlsruhe,

West Germany.

1990

First students from Bulgaria and Soviet Union attend 1-month seminar at Tokyo

Aikikai Headquarters.

1991

50th Anniversary of the Aikikai Foundation and 60th Anniversary of Aikido Hombu

Dojo celebrated at the Keio Plaza Hotel.

1992

6th IAF Congress held in Taipei.

1995

Kisshoumaru Ueshiba Doshu receives the Zui Hosho Medal from the Japanese

government.

1999

Kisshoumaru Ueshiba Doshu passes away on January 4, at the age of 77.

1999

Moriteru Ueshiba assumes the title of Aikido Doshu.

2002

Morihiro Saito Shihan passess away on May 13; son Hitohiro Saito Shihan becomes

director of Ibaraki Aikido and appointed keeper of Iwama dojo and Aiki shrine.

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