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Psychoanalysis and Neuroscience

Mauro Mancia (Ed)

Psychoanalysis

Neuroscience

123

and

M AURO M ANCIA

Institute of Human Physiology II

University of Milan

Milan, Italy

Cover: left panel , Une leçon clinique à la Salpetrière.1887, by André Brouillet

right panel , fig. reproduced from N. Osaka’s chapter

Library of Congress Control Number: 2006922658

ISBN 10 88-470-0334-2 Springer Milan Berlin Heidelberg New York

ISBN 13 978-88-470-0334-5 Springer Milan Berlin Heidelberg New York

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Preface

The papers collected in this volume have the aim of integrating the contribu-

tions from two disciplines: psychoanalysis and neuroscience. Recent great

developments in the latter offer the opportunity to build a bridge to psycho-

analysis, providing an anatomo-functional basis for some of the functions in

which the psychoanalytic theories of the mind are rooted. The functions

which are specifically discussed from an interdisciplinary point of view are

the following: emotions, memory, unconscious, perception, attention, wake-

fulness, sleep, dreams, empathy, sharing affects, intentionality, embodied sim-

ulation, and aspects of infantile mental development.

The book is divided into four sections. The first contains recent observa-

tions relating to memory in its double function (implicit and explicit) and its

relation to the unconscious. This section also discusses the relationship

between emotions, memory, and cognitive functions of the mind. Particular

attention is paid to the right hemisphere, considered the emotional brain par

excellence . Papers on the brain’s predictive capacities and its plasticity in rela-

tion to special functional states complete this first section.

The second section is dedicated to neuropsychological findings from

bioimaging investigations related to the human mind’s ability to share emo-

tional and affective experiences. Here the role of mirror neurons in empathy,

intentionality, and embodied simulation is discussed.

The third section looks at the dream as a topic for dialogue between psy-

choanalysis, neurosciences, and cognitivism. The contributions of neuro-

physiology, experimental psychology, and neuropsychology are amply docu-

mented, focusing on the role of various cerebral structures and circuits

(dopaminergic) in the organization of the mind’s oneiric function. The

importance of psychoanalysis in giving a meaning to the dream, linking it to

early emotional experiences, and allowing a reconstruction of the patient’s

unconscious emotional and affective history is highlighted.

The fourth section considers recent observations about prenatal and

neonatal life. Fetal behavior has been studied using ultrasonographic tech-

niques from the 10th week of gestation to delivery. Electrophysiological stud-

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